This paper reports on an experiment of corruption that was conducted in two treatments: one with the possibility of detection and one without. It turns out that monitoring motivation for honesty. Thus the net effect on overall corruption is a priori undetermined. We show that the salary level has an influence on corruption through Interesting policy conclusions emerge.
PurposeMany firms struggle to implement strategies that can successfully enhance the environmental sustainability of their processes. Drawing on the theories of green intellectual capital and complementary assets, this study develops a model describing the mechanism whereby firms can translate a green (i.e., environmental) strategy into a superior green process innovation performance (GPIP).Design/methodology/approachRegression analysis of multi-source survey data collected from 514 managers at 257 firms (257 top management members and 257 safety or environmental managers) was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsA firm's green strategic intent has positive effects on the three aspects of green intellectual capital (i.e., human, organizational and relational capital). In turn, these three aspects have positive effects on GPIP. Moreover, green organizational capital positively moderates the effect of green relational capital on GPIP, whereas it negatively moderates the effect of human capital on GPIP.Research limitations/implicationsIn order to implement a green strategy successfully, especially in polluted industries such as the chemical industry, managers need to develop not only the firm's tangible resources but also its intangible resources. The more they invest in green organizational capital, the higher the level of GPIP that can be achieved. On average, a firm's green human capital is more important than its organizational and relational capital. Moreover, its organizational capital helps capture the benefits of its relational capital, but it impairs the creativity of its human capital.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature on green strategy implementation by suggesting that green intellectual capital plays a mediating role in the relationship between a firm's green strategic intent and GPIP.
Reliable microdata on corrupt behavior are hard to obtain in the field, and available field data are hard to interpret. Laboratory corruption experiments have therefore recently gained in popularity, and those that shed light on gender effects are surveyed in this article. The tentative main result is this: if women are involved in a potentially corrupt transaction, it is more likely to fail. The reason is not that women are intrinsically more honest, but that they are more opportunistic when they have the chance to break an implicitly corrupt contract and less engaged in retaliating nonperformance. The survey closes with tentative implications for development policy.Les micro-donne´es fiables sur les comportements de corruption sont difficiles a`recueillir sur le terrain, et les donne´es de terrain disponibles sont difficilement interpre´tables. Les expe´riences en laboratoire sur la corruption gagnent donc, depuis quelques temps, en popularite´. Celles qui mettent en lumie`re les effets de genre sont examine´es dans cet article. Un premier constat provisoire est celui ci: Si des femmes sont implique´es dans une transaction potentiellement frauduleuse, la probabilited 'e´chec de cette dernie`re est plus e´leve´e. La raison n'en n'est pas que les femmes sont intrinse`quement plus honneˆtes, mais plutoˆt qu'elles sont plus opportunistes lorsqu'il s'agit de rompre un contrat teinte´de corruption et moins enclines a`re´agir face a`des performances insatisfaisantes. L'e´tude conclut en de´crivant des implications possibles pour les politiques de de´veloppement.'
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