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The effect of whether to add or omit a cover letter at written surveys is examined by split-ballot experiments in surveys about victims of a crime in Thuringia (N = 10,184 distributed questionnaires, Austria (N = 804), Switzerland (N = 804) and Germany (N = 1180 + 9787). The survey form is the direct distribution of the questionnaires into the household boxes. The result is that a cover letter reduces the return rate by one tenth. In Austria and Switzerland is the reducing effect of the answering rate even greater. A cover letter discourages younger people from answering. This selection effect causes content distortions and for example, less deviant behavior is indicated. Adding a cover letter reduces the rate of victims by more than 3 percentage points. The omission of a cover letter is more effective in the presented survey form. It saves costs, increases the response rate and does not cause bias effects.
In a school survey, 37 out of 1066 pupils say they had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD. ADHD students who are not treated with methylphenidate show an offender rate of 68%. When treated with methylphenidate it is 33%, only half as high. Methylphenidate treatment halves the crime rate. That Methylphenidate is an effective anti-crime tool is confirmed by a Swedish study with adults (deviance reduction through methylphenidate, 32% for men and 41% for women). A crime decline in the bright and dark field is recognized in Germany as being worldwide since 1993, while at the same time the prescription of methylphenidate has increased nationally and internationally. From the micro-/ individual relation of the school survey and the macro-connection, i.e. the coincidence of crime reduction and methylphenidate increase, causality is derived. Methylphenidate is an important explanation for the decline in crime in the last 25 years.
Corona will infect tens of millions of people worldwide. Of these, more than a million will die by summer 2020, i.e. become victims of bodily injury resulting in death, i.e. a criminal offence. Up to now, the smallest links in the chain of infection have been punished, e.g. for violation of the distance rule. Would it not therefore be appropriate to ask about the real culprit of Covid-19? In early June 2020, the government of Australia and citizens in northern Italy (Bergamo) are demanding clarifications: who is responsible for the Corona pandemic? The most important explanations of the origin of the corona virus are presented and discussed. Have residents of the Shitou bat cave carried the virus to Wuhan? Did one of the two well-known Wuhan bat hunters bring it to the Wuhan Seafood Market? Is the zoonosis theory true, according to which a bat at the seafood market infected a pangolin that was then eaten by a human being? Was the Sars-CoV-2 virus developed in a biolab and then escaped through a lab accident? The plausibility of these explanatory theories is discussed.
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