Short‐term traffic speed prediction is one of the most critical components of an intelligent transportation system (ITS). The accurate and real‐time prediction of traffic speeds can support travellers’ route choices and traffic guidance/control. In this article, a support vector machine model (single‐step prediction model) composed of spatial and temporal parameters is proposed. Furthermore, a short‐term traffic speed prediction model is developed based on the single‐step prediction model. To test the accuracy of the proposed short‐term traffic speed prediction model, its application is illustrated using GPS data from taxis in Foshan city, China. The results indicate that the error of the short‐term traffic speed prediction varies from 3.31% to 15.35%. The support vector machine model with spatial‐temporal parameters exhibits good performance compared with an artificial neural network, a k‐nearest neighbor model, a historical data‐based model, and a moving average data‐based model.

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The prediction of bus arrival time is important for passengers who want to determine their departure time and reduce anxiety at bus stops that lack timetables. The random forests based on the near neighbor (RFNN) method is proposed in this article to predict bus travel time, which has been calibrated and validated with real‐world data. A case study with two bus routes is conducted, and the proposed RFNN is compared with four methods: linear regression (LR), k‐nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and classic random forest (RF). The results indicate that the proposed model achieves high accuracy. That is, one bus route has the results of 13.65 mean absolute error (MAE), 6.90% mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), 26.37 root mean squared error (RMSE) and 13.77 (MAE), 7.58% (MAPE), 29.01 (RMSE), respectively. RFNN has a longer computation time of 44,301 seconds for a data set with 14,182 data. The proposed method can be optimized by the technology of parallel computing and can be applied to real‐time prediction.

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