Traditional procedures alone are not appropriate for justifying
advanced manufacturing systems. It is necessary to consider the benefits
of new technology in manufacturing systems since financial return is
dependent on many factors outside manufacturing. An in‐depth examination
is the foundation of the comprehensive comparative analysis presented
here. The mechanism used to combine and synthesise tangible and
intangible benefits of advanced technology is the analytic hierarchy
process. A cost/ benefit analysis incorporates cashflows and benefits to
determine the best manufacturing system choice. A detailed example is
given to illustrate the procedure, and to compare the results with that
of the traditional return on investment method.
The Andaman-Nicobar (A-N) Islands region has attracted many geo-scientists because of its unique location and complex geotectonic settings. The recent occurrence of tsunamis due to the megathrust tsunamigenic north Sumatra earthquake (Mw 9.3) with a series of aftershocks in the A-N region caused severe damage to the coastal regions of India and Indonesia. Several pieces of evidence suggest that the occurrence of earthquakes in the A-N region is related to its complex geodynamical processes. In this study, it has been inferred that deep-seated structural heterogeneities related to dehydration of the subducting Indian plate beneath the Island could have induced the process of brittle failure through crustal weakening to contribute immensely to the coastal hazard in the region. The present study based on 3-D P-wave tomography of the entire rupture zone of the A-N region using the aftershocks of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (Mw 9.3) clearly demonstrates the role of crustal heterogeneity in seismogenesis and in causing the strong shakings and tsunamis. The nature and extent of the imaged crustal heterogeneity beneath
Cellular manufacturing is the organisation of manufacturing
equipment based on the requirements of the product or component.
Transition to cellular manufacturing generally requires reorganisation
of existing equipment. It is likely that the existing equipment alone is
not suitable for a cellular layout. During the cell planning and design
phase equipment investment analysis is important to identify equipment
needs. Transition from job shop production to cellular production is
detailed. Cell formation and cell evaluation techniques are provided to
assist in equipment procurement decisions. In particular, a structured
procedure and analytical tools are given to evaluate fully the cellular
system to identify appropriate equipment and methods. A case example is
provided to explain the procedure.
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