One of the basic problems of current cities is solid waste and its correct management. Solid waste material is the unavoidable product of routine life of human being. These wastes affect the quality and quantity of life in the present era. Increased population, development, human activities and shortage of resources have caused the solid waste management a necessity. Waste reduction management and its separation at source are performed with the citizens' participation.The present study aimed to evaluate the waste source separation and determine the participation of citizens in Azimie of Karaj city in Alborz province, Iran. This study is questionnaire based and to achieve the study purpose, question-based questionnaires are distributed randomly among 100 citizens of Azimieh. The data were analyzed. Based on the results of study, in separation at source activity, 70% of people participated and the highest participation was via media and teachers. 100% of subjects were inclined to participate in this program. The effect of this plan was 90% and effectiveness of this plan from economic, social and environmental aspects was high.

: The noise pollution is among the major challenges of installing the equipment and development of industries. Controlling produced noise in small power plants is a necessity for its development. The present study was conducted to predict the reduction of exhaust noise pollution in a 25 MW gas power plant using the synthesized aluminum foam in a gas power plant under the construction. The noise pollution was measured in a similar gas power plant to predict noise sources in the Tarasht gas power plant. One centimeter thick aluminum foam was synthesized with an average size of about 300 - 500 µm and a porosity of 90%. The impedance tube was used to determine the sound absorption coefficient of aluminum foam. Then, the sound pressure level was predicted by ANSYS software before and after applying aluminum foam in a simulated environment on the exhaust duct wall. Results showed that with the 10 cm of thick insulation layer includes punctuating stainless steel plates, refractory fabric, and closed-cell aluminum foam at high frequency, at least an 8 dB reduction in the noise pollution was obtained the exhaust duct wall compared to the duct wall without the aluminum foam. Aluminum foam can be used as a suitable sound insulator in the power plant industry. Furthermore, it has various advantages over other insulators, such as the resistance to moisture, heat, and vibration attenuation due to noise, proper high rigidity at a low weight, and most importantly, less environmental pollution.

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Background: Work-family conflict, as a social parameter, can affect the concentration of individuals and the health of workers. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide a model of work-family conflict theory and occupational accidents by taking into account important parameters such as job stress in one of the optical fiber transmission line projects. Methods: The statistical population of the study was the staff of Tehran-Shahrood optical fiber transmission line. The present study was a correlational study on the descriptive/analytical cross-sectional type. A total of 225 individuals were selected as the statistical population. The 4-part questionnaire, including demographic questions, 18 questions regarding work-family conflict, 15 questions regarding job stress, and 39 questions regarding occupational accident were completed by the subjects. Data obtained from this study were analyzed by the PLS-SEM software, and the corresponding model was presented. Results: The results of the study indicated that the proposed model well covered the indices of fit, and the factor loading of all parameters was significant. In addition, high-coefficient job stress could affect accident susceptivity and accident occurrence. Conclusions: The reduction of work-family conflict, as a social indicator, which is a prerequisite for stress occurrence, can be effective in reducing the rate of occupational accidents, and the management system of organization can improve the safety level of the employees through optimal management of this important factor.