Introduction: Enuresis nocturna is an important health problem having adverse effects on the child's emotional state, social development and self-esteem and might be associated with various psychiatric conditions. Children with chronic diseases such as obesity and cancer have been reported to have decreased life quality. It has been reported that adverse life events in children lead to development of negative cognitive structure and mental problems in adulthood. It was aimed to evaluate the social and psychological well-being of 8-17 age group cases diagnosed with primary enuresis nocturna through "Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQL)" and the probable negative cognitive structures for the same group through "Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ). " Methods: "Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQL)" and "Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ)" were applied to all children included in the study with written consent from their families. The NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) 2007(Kaysville, Utah, USA) program was used for statistical analysis. Results: In the study, 39.3% (n=59) girls and 60.7% (n=91) boys, 150 children between the ages of 8 and 17 with a mean age of 10.40±2.07 years were included. The total score of children in the enuretic study group had significantly lower PedsQL total score than healthy children (p=0.001; p<0.01). Total CNCEQ total scores of enuretic children were significantly higher than the control group (p=0.001; p<0.01). Discussion and Conclusion: To our knowledge, we are the first to determine that children with primary nocturnal enuresis develop negative cognitive errors. Besides, it was observed that their quality of life was significantly lower compared to their healthy peers.
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