Use of albendazole medication as an adjuvant to percutaneous treatment of liver hydatid cyst decreases the recurrence rate. Although there is no statistically significant difference between groups 2 and 3 in terms of efficacy and recurrence rate, patients in group 3 had a higher rate of side effect. Therefore, we conclude that albendazole treatment 1 week before and 1 month after PAIR treatment is sufficient to reduce/prevent recurrences.

Biogenic amines are low molecular weight organic nitrogen compounds. They are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids or by amination and transamination of aldehydes and ketones during normal metabolic processes in living cells and therefore are ubiquitous in animals, plants, microorganisms, and humans. In food and beverages, they are formed by the enzymes of raw materials or are generated by microbial decarboxylation of amino acids. The structure of a biogenic amine can be aromatic and heterocyclic amines (histamine, tryptamine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, and serotonin); aliphatic di-, tri-, and polyamines (putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine, and agmatine); and aliphatic volatile amines (ethylamine, methylamine, isopentylamine, and ethanolamine). Many of them possess a strong pharmacologic effect, and others are important as precursors of hormones and components of coenzymes. The biogenic amine intoxication leads to toxicological risks and health hazards that trigger psychoactive, vasoactive, and hypertensive effects resulting from consumption of high amounts of biogenic amines in foods. The toxicological effects of biogenic amines increase when the mono-and diaminoxidase enzymes are deficient or drugs that inhibit these enzymes (pain reliever, stress, and depression drugs) are used. In this chapter, biosynthesis of biogenic amines, their toxic effects as well as their physiological functions, and their effect on health will be described.

The aim of our study was to identify if there was a relation between red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, leukocyte count and thrombocyte count at the time of presentation to hospital and acute appendicitis. BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Misinterpretation of symptoms and fi ndings in acute appendicitis may lead to removal of normal appendix and delayed diagnosis can result in perforation and peritonitis. Many studies tried to delineate the relation between acute appendicitis and laboratory fi ndings. Latest studies focused on components of complete blood count such as red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume. METHODS: This was a retrospective clinical study that enrolled 638 patients with abdominal pain and open appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Complete blood count results including red cell distribution width were retrieved from medical charts of patients and analyzed. RESULTS: There was no statistically signifi cant difference between appendicitis, non pathological appendix and perforated appendicitis in terms of red cell distribution width or other blood count components except leukocyte level. CONCLUSION: Despite current fi ndings in medical literature indicating predictive value of red cell distribution width in acute appendicitis; its utility for differential diagnosis might be overestimated (Tab. 1, Ref. 22).

Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are rare, benign tumors composed of adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells. Almost all myelolipomas occur within the adrenal gland. Only 50 cases of myelolipomas were described in literature and none of these were associated with gastric mesenchymal neoplasia. A 72-year-old male patient presented to a family medicine outpatient clinic with dyspnea and urinary urgency. His abdominal sonography revealed a 9-cm intra-abdominal mass. An incidental finding was 2 separate masses 1 cm each on the serosal surface of the stomach. The pathology specimen of the retroperitoneal mass revealed myelolipoma histopathology while gastric masses were reported as spindle cell mesenchymal neoplasias. The association of gastric spindle cell tumor and myelolipoma was not reported before in medical literature. Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are rare lesions, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fat containing retroperitoneal masses that are well circumscribed.

Intestinal failure can be defined as the critical reduction of functional gut mass below the minimal amount necessary for adequate digestion and absorption to satisfy body nutrient and fluid requirements in adults or children. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is characterized by a state of malabsorption following extensive resection of the small bowel. SBS may occur after resection of more than 50% and is certain after resection of more than 70% of the small intestine, or if less than 100 cm of small bowel is left. Several treatment modalities other than total parenteral nutrition, including hormones (recombinant human growth hormone, glucagon-like peptide-2) and tailoring surgeries (Bianchi procedure, serial transverse enteroplasty), had been proposed, however these were either experimental or inefficient. Small bowel transplant is a rather new approach for SBS. The once feared field of solid organ transplantation is nowadays becoming more and more popular, even in developing countries. This is partially secondary to the developments in immunosuppressive strategy. In this regard, alemtuzumab deserves special attention. There are more complex surgeries, such as multivisceral transplantation, for multi-organ involvement including small bowel. This latter technique is relatively new when compared to small bowel transplant, and is performed in certain centers worldwide. In this review, an attempt is made to give an insight into small bowel syndrome, small bowel transplantation, and related issues.

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Background. Classical laparoscopic cholecystectomy involves four ports while most novel 'single port' technique only requires one incision on the abdominal wall. This technique is thought to decrease surgical trauma and improve cosmesis although there are reports pointing out that classical laparoscopic cholecystectomy is also feasible in terms of cosmesis. Objectives. In this study we tried to determine if there are certain advantages in quality of life after single port surgery which would justify its utilization instead of classical laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods. This is a prospective randomized study which enrolled 30 patients randomized either into classical laparoscopic cholecystectomy or single port surgery. The primary endpoint was patient satisfaction after surgery. This was assessed with short form 36 and gastrointestinal quality of life index (first preoperatively and then 3 months postoperatively) and a visual analogue scale on the first and seventh days. Results. There was not a statistically significant difference between groups in the emotional role, social functions, mental health, vitality and general health subscales of short form 36. At the end of 12 weeks, both groups demonstrated increases in the gastrointestinal and social subscales of the gastrointestinal quality of life index. There was not a statistically significant difference between groups when the visual analogue scale scores on first and seventh days were compared. Conclusions. The equal length of hospitalization, patient quality of life and pain perception and the longer operative times, high likelihood of incisional hernia and surgical site infection call into question the utilization of single port surgery, as it does not seem to confer an advantage over classical laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Adv Clin Exp Med 2015, 24, 3, 469-473).

In parenteral nutrition (PN), essential fatty acids are provided by soy oil-based fat emulsions, which may exert adverse effects on the immune system and lipid peroxidation. Olive oil -based fat emulsions have been said to prevent these undesired effects. This study compares effects of olive oil - and soy oil -based fat emulsions in 22 patients who underwent abdominal surgery for cancer. The first group (n = 10) received soy oil -based fat emulsion; the second group (n = 10) received olive oil -based fat emulsion. Body temperature, body mass index, (BMI) and biochemical variables were measured on days 0 and 7. There were no differences between the groups with regard to BMI or temperature. On day 7, the first group (compared with day 0) had significant increases in plasma alkaline phosphatase (81.70 ± 16.03 vs 117.60 ± 11.1), γ-glutamyl transferase (39.90 ± 15.40 vs 137.70 ± 24.09), and mean body temperature (36.72°C ± 0.14°C vs 37.20°C ± 0.17°C) (P < .01). Second group had increases in alkaline phosphatase (85.80 ± 13.46 vs 147.20 ± 34.17), γ-glutamyl transferase (48.40 ± 12.86 vs 129.40 ± 42.03), total protein (5.14 ± 0.19 vs 6.06 ± 0.49), and albumin (2.62 ± 0.14 vs 3.00 ± 0.18) (P < .05). Changes in thiobutyric acid levels were not statistically significant in either group. In postoperative cancer patients, olive oil-based fat emulsion had similar effects on BMI, body temperature, biochemical values, and thiobutyric acid levels as soy oil-based fat emulsions.