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The combined use of CRP and MPV should be considered in the early diagnosis of NS, but uric acid levels may only be utilized as an additional tool to support diagnosis. CRP is shown to be more sensitive and specific than MPV and uric acid in diagnosing neonatal sepsis.

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ÖZET Cupriavidus pauculus'a bağlı toplum kökenli pnömoni gelişen bir yenidoğan olguCupriavidus pauculus gram-negatif, aerobik, spor oluşturmayan, nonfermentatif

Poractant alfa resulted in more prominent improvement in PI and OI. Low PI values measured at early postnatal period may predict poor clinical outcome in preterm infants with RDS.

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Several studies have suggested that probiotics may prevent necrotizing enterocolitis and death in preterm infants. However, there are no data on the preventive effect of probiotics in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Although duration of hospitalization was not significantly decreased, Bifidobacterium lactis plus inulin appears to decrease the rate of nosocomial infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, and death in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease.abstract OBJECTIVES: The goal was to investigate the effect of orally administered synbiotics on outcome of infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD). METHODS:A prospective, blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on outcome of infants with CCHD. The infants with CCHD were assigned randomly to 2 groups. Infants in the study group were given synbiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis plus inulin) added to breast milk or mixed feeding until discharge or death. Infants in the placebo group were fed with breast milk or mixed feeding. The outcome measurements were nosocomial sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC; Bell stage $2), length of NICU stay, and death. RESULTS:A total of 100 infants were enrolled in the trial: 50 in each arm. There were 9 cases of culture-proven sepsis (18%) in the placebo group and 2 cases (4%) in the synbiotic group (P = .03). Length of NICU stay did not differ between the groups (26 vs 32 days , P = .07]. There were 5 cases of NEC (10%) in the placebo group and none in the synbiotic group (P = .03). The incidence of death was lower in synbiotic group (5 [10%] of 50 vs 14 [28.0%] of 50, respectively; P = .04).CONCLUSIONS: Synbiotics administered enterally to infants with CCHD might reduce the incidence of nosocomial sepsis, NEC, and death.

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We showed that CCh-treatment leads to changes in muscarinic M(2), M(3), and M(4) receptor transcripts as well as M(2) and M(3) protein levels. We also found that CCh decreased proliferation of K562 cells in a time dependent manner, an effect prevented by atropine. These results suggest that CCh modulates K562 chronic myelogenous leukemic cells proliferation through muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.