Our study focused on "Extraction identification and characterization of saponins from the plant Myrica salicifolia Hochst. ex. A. Rich and molluscicidal activity test in vitro". The objective of this study is to extract the natural substances present in the different parts (leaves, bark of the stem and roots); isolate the saponins, characterize them by chromatography and determine the lethal dose of the saponins isolated against aquatic molluscs. After the analyzes, the Malacology laboratory of the LWIRO Natural Sciences Research Center (CRSN / LWIRO) took place in the Democratic Republic of Congo in the Kabare Territory. Phytochemical screening has enabled us to observe that saponins, quinones, phenols, lipoids, glycosides, terpenoids, tannoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids are in high concentration while steroids are moderately concentrated in the different parts of the plant. The thin layer chromatography of the saponins shows that the plant contains steroidal and triterpene saponins. The Myrica salicifolia Hochst plant. ex. A. Rich has molluscicidal activity, it can be used in the fight against molluscs Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Lymnaea natalensis intermediate hosts of bilharziasis and fascioliosis. The lethal doses (LD 50) of the saponin extracts from the bark of the roots and stems were 0.016 and 0.018 mg / mL respectively for Biomphalaria pfeifferi and 0.022 and 0.021 mg / mL for Lymnaea natalensis.
Nyiragongo, remains one of the most active volcanoes in the Virunga chain. It is feared for its permanent activity. It has fissural and fracturing characteristics. The carbon dioxide released by Nyiragongo is regularly monitored on the southern flank of the volcano. Five sampling points were taken into consideration during our study. The data collected over a two-year period (since 2019) prior to the eruption of 22 May 2021 show a certain change in the monitoring curves. All the sampling points included in this work show an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in October 2020, seven (7) months before the event. This rise in carbon dioxide concentration in the southern fractures of Nyiragongo reflects in some way the degree of (intense) activity in the magma reservoir, which also induced a magmatic rise. Of the five points monitored, four were found to be hyperascending, even increasing by more than twice the concentration usually measured; all the Buragura sites showed this difference.
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