The aim of the study was to determine the extent of genetic influence and environmental contribution to craniofacial growth and development.
Materials and methods:A total of 15 pairs of twins were selected and divided into monozygotic (8) and dizygotic (7) with the help of DNA fingerprinting. Lateral cephalograms were taken. Linear measurements-anterior cranial base, posterior cranial base, anterior facial height, upper/lower anterior facial height, posterior facial height, mandibular length, and angular measurements-SNA, SNB, ANB, saddle angle, gonial angle were recorded.Results: Statistical analysis revealed that significant hereditary component for anterior cranial base, anterior and posterior facial height, mandibular length, saddle angle and gonial angle. No significant heritability was observed for posterior cranial base, upper/lower anterior facial height, SNA, SNB, ANB.
Conclusion:A significant heritable values were obtained for 6 out of 12 parameters studied. The results were also showing that the linear parameters were under strong genetic control than angular parameters.
Background:Frail and functionally dependent elderly people, living in institutions, have difficulties in accessing dental care. Hence, the present study aims to determine the relationship between subjective need and the equivalent clinical findings in an attempt to understand the factors that contribute to individual's perception of the need for dental care among institutionalized adults in Vijayawada.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study is conducted in all old age homes in Vijayawada. A total of 182 subjects were interviewed with a questionnaire consisting of demographic details, dental behavior (last visit, reason for the last visit), and self-rating of oral health and impact of oral problems, followed by the clinical examination for oral mucosal condition, dentition status and treatment needs, prosthetic status and treatment needs, and periodontal status by using World Health Organization proforma.Results:Results showed that normative needs of subjects are significantly more than the self-perceived needs. Response of subjects regarding their present condition of mouth and teeth is 65.4% of subjects reported good and 0.5% reported poor, with respective to perceived oral symptoms 61.9% of subjects’ complaints of hypersensitivity and 23.1% of subjects were having toothache and 80.5% subjects are having difficulty in eating. The overall prevalence of complete Edentulous and require complete denture was 12.1%, and 60.4% required partial denture.Conclusion:About half of the participants confirmed need for problem-oriented dental care. The main reason for the problems faced by the institutionalized people is due to lack of teeth which could be prevented by appropriate care.
Introduction:Bisphosphonate (Bp)-ibandronate is a pharmacological agent, exhibits antiosteoclastic or antiresorptive activity and used to treat osteolytic or osteopenic disorders. BP-ibandronate may also interfere during orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of locally administered Bp-ibandronate on experimental tooth movement in rabbits.Materials and Methods:Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups- “10” served as Group-1 (control) and other “10” as Group-2 (experimental). Both groups received nickel-titanium closed coil springs with 100 g force between mandibular molar and incisors. Group-1 animals received 1 ml normal saline and Group-2 animals received ibandronate solution (0.3 mg/kg body weight) locally, mesial to the mandibular molar on the 1st, 7th, and 14th day of the experiment. A total of “40” lateral cephalograms were taken from both groups on the 1st and 21st day using a digital X-ray unit (Siemens X-ray systems, 300 mA Pleomophos analog, 2008, Germany). Individually, each animal's radiograph was traced manually and superimposed. The molar tooth movement was measured with the help of a standard metric scale.Results:The Student's t-test has been done to compare the mean values of Group-1 (4.650 ± 0.363) and Group-2 (2.030 ± 0.291) and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The retarded molar tooth movement was noticed in local drug administered rabbits, which could be beneficial in orthodontics to control the undesired tooth movement.
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