Liquid−liquid equilibria of the ternary systems
toluene−heptane−tetraethylene glycol,
toluene−heptane−N−formylmorpholine, toluene−heptane−(tetraethylene
glycol + N-formylmorpholine), and toluene−heptane−(tetraethylene glycol + N-methylpyrrolidone) have
been determined at 40 °C. The capacity
and selectivity data of the solvent systems were obtained and compared.
The data were correlated using
Bachman, Othmer−Tobias, and Hand models.
Liquid‐liquid equilibrium studies have been carried out on 11 solvents using two binary hydrocarbon mixtures for selective extraction of aromatics. The solvents used have been compared on the basis of selectivity, solvent capacity and tie line correlation curves. Tie line data have been determined for 18 systems. The selectivity and solvent power of solvents as obtained from limiting activity coefficient and tie line data have been compared. The selectivity and capacity of solvents have been related to their structure through an empirical parameter.
Hexane and methanolic extracts of Leuceana leucocephala Lam. leaves were tested against Spodoptera litura L. a polyphagus pest of cotton rice, tomato, ground nut, castor and legume and found to have antifeedant potential in the concentration of 2.5 μg/cm 2 . The bioassay-guided fractionation yielded the three compounds quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (1), quercetin (2) and D-onanitol, (3) with antifeedant activity.
Pharmacosomes are amphiphilic lipid vesicular systems containing phospholipid complexes with a potential to improve bioavailability of poorly water soluble as well as poorly lipophilic drugs. To improve the water solubility, bioavailability and minimize the gastrointestinal toxicity of aceclofenac, its pharmacosomes were prepared. Aceclofenac was complexed with phosphatidylcholine (80%) in two different ratios (1:1 and 2:1) using conventional solvent evaporation technique. Pharmacosomes thus prepared were subjected to solubility and drug content evaluation, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X ray powder diffraction and in vitro dissolution study. Pharmacosomes of aceclofenac were found to be disc shaped with rough surface in scanning electron microscopy. Drug content was found to be 91.88% (w/w) for aceclofenac phospholipid complex (1:1) and 89.03% (w/w) aceclofenac-phospholipid complex (2:1). Differential scanning calorimetric thermograms and X ray powder diffraction datas confirmed the formation of phospholipid complex. Solubility and dissolution profile of the prepared complex was found to be much better than aceclofenac.
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