Browntop millet (Urochloa ramose L.) known as 'korale' in Karnataka is an annual warm-season grass often used as a forage crop gaining importance because of its nutritional qualities. Very fewer researches have been done so far on the millet. The research was conducted to determine the physical properties of the browntop millet. The physical properties were determined at moisture content 11.2 ± 0.16 (w.b). The mean values of length, width and thickness of the browntop millet were found to be 3.00 ± 0.21, 1.79 ± 0.10 and 1.15 ± 0.09 mm, respectively. The geometric mean diameter and arithmetic mean diameter were 1.82 ± 0.09 and 1.99 ± 0.1 mm, respectively. The mean weight of 1000 browntop millet seeds was 3.42 ± 0.14 g. The bulk density and true density were 601.17 ± 4.08 and 1305.47±95.5 kg/m 3 , respectively. The mean porosity, aspect ratio and sphericity were found to be 53.74 ± 3.23, 58.58 ± 3.84 and 59.82 ± 2.60%, respectively. The shape of the browntop millet was oval. The angle of repose was 27°47' ± 0.21 and the coefficient of friction for the three surfaces namely, Glass, Aluminum and Wooden Sheets were 0.62 ± 0.0009, 0.59 ± 0.0051 and 0.6 ± 0.0063, respectively. The terminal velocity was 7.2 m/sec. The tristimulous colour values (L*, a* and b*) were found to be 60.45 ± 0.44, 3.78 ± 0.06 and 14.71 ± 0.33, respectively. Hence this study helps agricultural and food engineers, designers, scientists and processors towards design of equipment and efficient process for browntop millet grain processing.
The aim of the present study was to increase the solubility of a poorly water soluble BCS class II drug, valsartan. Liquisolid technology and solid dispersion by kneading method were techniques used to improve the solubility of the drug by using non-volatile solvents and some hydrophilic carriers. Liquisolid compacts were prepared by dissolving the drug in suitable non volatile solvents. The various non volatile solvents used were PG, PEG, and glycerine. The carrier coating materials play an important role in improving the solubility of the drug. The dissolution rate of the drug was increased by using propylene glycol as non-volatile solvent at 20:1 ratio of carrier to coating material. Solid dispersion by kneading method were another attempt to improve solubility the various carrier materials used were PVP K 30, PEG 6000 and mannitol, these carriers are used in various ratios to improve its solubility. The dissolution rate of drug using solid dispersion kneading method with mannitol was increased at 1:3 ratio. The DSC and FTIR studies revealed no drug excipients interactions, whereas XRD revealed the reduced crystalinity of drug, which showed enhanced solubility. From the results it was concluded that the liquisolid compacts enhanced the solubility of valsartan in comparison to traditional solid dispersion method.
: An attempt was made to develop millets' based cold extruded products (vermicelli and pasta) and to study their storage. Five small millets' (barnyard, foxtail, kodo, little and proso) were used in the study. Small millets flour, wheat and soy flours were used in the ratio of 50: 40: 10 for the development of cold extruded products. Vermicelli kheer and pasta masala were prepared from all the five millets and were subjected to sensory evaluation along with control (wheat based vermicelli). Sensory results showed that the millets kheer were more acceptable and foxtail millet kheer was better preferred followed by kodo and proso millet kheers. The millets pasta masalas were also very much acceptable compared to control. Among the millets, proso millet pasta masala was more preferred for its sensory attributes followed by kodo millet. Nutritional analysis of stored vermicelli showed not much variation in composition before and after storage irrespective of packaging material. Both the gauges of package (300 and 400 PE) were found suitable for storing vermicelli up to two months without affecting the quality.
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