In tro duc tion: He mo lysis is sti ll the mo st com mon rea son for re jec ti ng sam ples, whi le reob tai ni ng a new sam ple is an im por ta nt prob lem. The aim of this stu dy was to in ves ti ga te the eff ec ts of he mo lysis in diff e re nt he mo lysis le ve ls for mos tly used bioc he mi cal pa ra me te rs to pre ve nt un ne ces sa ry re jec tio ns. Ma te ria ls and met ho ds: Sixteen heal thy vo lun tee rs we re en rol led in the stu dy. Four he mo lysis le ve ls we re con sti tu ted ac cor di ng to he mog lo bin con cen tra tio ns and they we re di vi ded in to fi ve grou ps: Group I: 0-0.10 g/L, Group II: 0.10-0.50 g/L, Group III: 0.51-1.00 g/L, Group IV: 1.01-2.50 g/L, Group V: 2.51-4.50 g/L. Lysis was ac hie ved by mec ha ni cal trau ma. Re sul ts: Hemo lysis in ter fe ren ce aff ec ted lac ta te de hydro ge na se (LD) and as par ta te ami not ran sfe ra se (AST) al mo st at un de tec tab le he mo lysis by vi sual in spec tion (plas ma he mog lo bin < 0.5 g/L). Cli ni cal ly mea nin gful va ria tio ns of po tas sium and to tal bi li ru bin were ob ser ved in mo de ra te ly hemo lyzed sam ples (he mog lo bin > 1 g/L). Ala ni ne ami not ran sfe ra se (ALT), cho les te rol, gam ma glu ta myltran sfe ra se (GGT), and inor ga nic phos pha te (P) con cen tra tio ns we re not in ter fe red up to se ve re ly he mo lyzed le ve ls (he mog lo bin: 2.5-4.5 g/L). Albu min, al ka li ne phos pha ta se (ALP), amyla se, chlo ri de, HDL-cho les te rol, crea ti ne ki na se (CK), glu co se, mag ne sium, to tal pro tein, trig lyce ri des, un sa tu ra ted iron bin di ng ca pa ci ty (UIBC) and uric acid diff e ren ces we re sta tis ti cal ly sig ni fi ca nt, but re mai ned wit hin the CLIA li mi ts. Con clu sion: To avoid prea na lyti cal vi sual in spec tion for he mo lysis de tec tion, im pro per sam ple re jec tion, and/or re run be cau se of he mo lysis, it is recom men ded in this stu dy that, rou ti ne deter mi na tion of plas ma or se rum free he mog lo bin con cen tra tio ns is important. For the ana lytes in ter fe red wi th he mo lysis, new sam ples ha ve to be reques ted. Key wor ds: he mo lysis; prea na lyti cal er ro rs; in ter fe ren ce; ana lytes.
IntroductionThe collected and shipped blood samples are exposed to a various extra-analytical factors prior to analysis. The aim of the study was to determine the stability of analytes in serum gel tubes and plain tubes exposed to a range of storage temperatures and times after centrifugation.Materials and methods:Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited and venous blood was collected into four tubes, two with and two without gel separator. Analyzing the baseline samples in 30 min, all were stored at 4ºC or 24ºC for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48 and 72 hours and 1 week. Sixteen biochemical anaytes were measured on each sample. Variations remained under the desirable bias considered as clinically insignificant.Results:On day three, most analytes remained stable including albumin, protein, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD) regardless of tube types. Glucose concentration decreased markedly (P = 0.001) beginning from the first hours of storage in plain serum. The stability maximized for the analytes including glucose, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid stored at 4 ºC in gel tubes. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity increased significantly (P = 0.002) up to 48-h, however bias was not significant clinically. High density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration was stable in gel tubes at 24 ºC, in plain tubes at 4 ºC stored up to 36-h.Conclusion:Serum gel or non-gel tubes might be used interchangeably for 11 analytes chilled or at 24 ºC, whereas some restrictions must be applied for glucose, AST, BUN, HDL, and uric acid.
Even though serum leptin levels were found to be significantly higher in RA patients than in control subjects in this study, there was no correlation between serum leptin levels and TNF-alpha levels, clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity. However serum leptin levels positively correlated with BMI in both patient and control groups. In RA, circulating leptin levels do not seem to reflect disease activity.
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