BACKGROUND:Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor disability in children with a prevalence of 2-10/1,000 live births in the developing areas.AIM:The epidemiology, clinical picture, and associated comorbidities in CP have been extensively studied in high-resource countries, but in low-resource areas, including Africa, those studies are still lacking.METHODS:Cerebral palsy cases were prospectively recruited from every physiotherapy centre in Bani-Mazar city, Egypt, in a cross-sectional study from May 2015 to November 2015.RESULTS:Two hundred cases were enrolled with a prevalence of 1 per 1000 live births. Within the study population, 72.5% were the spastic type, 16% were dyskinetic, 7% were ataxic, and 4.5% were hypotonic. The most common comorbidities were cognitive impairment and epilepsy affecting 77% and 38%, respectively.CONCLUSION:Cerebral palsy in developing countries has a higher prevalence and different clinical profile regarding severity and associated disability. The perinatal and high-quality neonatal care together with physical therapy and rehabilitation programs is still lacking in developing countries.
Background: Obesity is a major global health problem. Kuwait has a very high prevalence of obesity, and consequently, the number of bariatric surgeries is rising. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical presentation and electrodiagnostic features of peripheral nerve complications following bariatric surgery. Subjects and methods: We retrospectively involved a convenience sample of patients presenting at a tertiary referral center and analyzed the patterns and frequency of peripheral nerve involvement, correlations with operative techniques, perioperative complications, nutritional status, possible risk factors, and functional impairment. Results: Among the 58 cases, 23 presented with chronic distal symmetrical sensorimotor neuropathy, 10 suffered from small fiber neuropathy, 22 had mononeuropathies, 2 patients had acute axonal sensorimotor neuropathy, and only 1 patient had lumbar plexopathy. In 22 patients, we observed mononeuropathies (10 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome, 7 cases of peroneal compression at the knee, 4 cases of ulnar neuropathies at the elbow, and 1 case of meralgia paresthetica). Rapid weight loss and protracted postoperative vomiting tended to correlate with generalized neuropathies, while focal compression with loss of the protective subcutaneous tissue pad was associated with mononeuropathies. All patients suffered from a deficiency of at least 1 micronutrient. Compliance with supplementary therapy was poor. Some post-bariatric neuropathies interfere severely with patients' functional status. Conclusion: Prevention by close follow-up, nutritional intervention, and patient education to avoid habitual postures related to nerve compression is appropriate.
The role of bisphenol A (BPA) in autism was investigated in 49 children (mean age = 5.950 ± 1.911 years) with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 40 comparable age and sex matched children used as controls (mean age = 5.333 ± 2.279 years). In addition, 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) was also studied as a biomarker of oxidative stress in the same set of two selected groups. The results showed that both BPA and 8-oxodG were significantly higher in children with autism than those of control children ( values = 0.025 and 0.0001, respectively). There were positive correlations between both BPA and 8-oxodG with ASDs severity ( = 0.400 and 0.805, respectively), these correlations were highly significant ( values = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively). There was a significance positive correlation between BMI and BPA, but the correlation between BMI and 8-oxodG was not significant in children with autism. The observed results revealed that BPA may increase oxidative stress resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction that affecting the behavior and functioning of ASDs children.
Febrile seizure is one of the most common neurological problems during childhood. The etiology and pathogenesis of febrile seizure remain unknown. However, several factors such as vitamin B6 deficiency, electrolyte disturbances, and reduction in serum zinc, selenium, magnesium levels, and low gamma -aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of febrile seizure. The present study included twenty children from 10 families, 11 were male and 9 were female. Each family has at least 2 members with a history of febrile convulsion. All cases were subjected to the following: Determination of serum levels of copper, zinc, magnesium, selenium level in serum, and plasma level of γ-aminobytaric acid (GABA). Serum levels of selenium and GABA were statistically significantly low in comparison with controls. Serum copper was statistically significantly higher in cases than controls, while serum zinc showed no significant changes in the cases of febrile convulsion compared with the control group. The mean Zn level in the serum of febrile convulsion was found to be at lower level than in the control group. The serum magnesium was significantly low in cases than controls. The logistic regression model in our study shows that Selenium and Magnesium have protective effects, while Copper has causative effect.
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