RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos metabólicos e inflamatórios da abreviação do jejum pré-operatório em crianças pré-escolares. Métodos: Quarenta crianças foram prospectivamente randomizadas em um grupo chamado jejum (jejum absoluto a partir de 00:00h) e outro chamado de carboidrato (CHO - em que as crianças eram autorizadas a ingerir uma bebida contendo carboidrato duas horas antes da operação). Foram colhidas amostras sanguíneas no pré e pós-operatório imediatos, para dosagens de albumina, interleucina 6, glicemia, insulina, proteína C reativa, e calculada resistência a insulina pelo índice de HOMA-IR. Resultados: O tempo de jejum pré-operatório foi significativamente menor no grupo submetido a abreviação do jejum (11:24h vs 2:49h, p<0,001). Os valores da PCR foram significativamente menores no grupo CHO, tanto no pré quanto no pós-operatório (p=0,05 e p=0,02, respectivamente). Os valores da razão PCR/Albumina foram significativamente menores no grupo CHO no período pré-operatório (p=0,03). Quatro pacientes (21%) do grupo jejum tornaram-se hiperglicêmicos no pré-operatório, enquanto nenhum teve hiperglicemia no grupo CHO (p=0,04). Não houveram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos valores de albumina, interleucina-6, insulina e índice de HOMA entre os grupos. Não houve nenhum evento adverso no trabalho. Conclusão: A abreviação do jejum pré-operatório através do uso de bebidas contendo carboidratos melhora a resposta metabólica e inflamatória no peri-operatório de crianças pré-escolares submetidas a cirurgia eletiva de herniorrafia inguinal.
Background: Current researches associate long fasting periods to several adverse consequences. The fasting abbreviation to 2 h to clear liquids associated with the use of drinks containing carbohydrates attenuates endocrinometabolic response to surgical trauma, but often is observed children advised to not intake food from 00:00 h till the scheduled surgical time, regardless of what it is. Aim: To evaluate the safety of a protocol of preoperative fasting abbreviation with a beverage containing carbohydrates, and early postoperative feeding in children underwent elective small/mid-size surgical procedures during a national task-force on pediatric surgery. Methods: Thirty-six patients were prospectively included, and for several reasons five were excluded. All 31 who remained in the study received a nutritional supplement containing 150 ml of water plus 12.5% maltodextrin 2 h before the procedure. Data of the pre-operative fasting time, anesthetic complications and time of postoperative refeeding, were collected. Results:Twenty-three (74.2%) were males, the median age was 5 y, and the median weight was 20 kg. The median time of pre-operative fasting was 145 min and the time of post-operative refeeding was 135 min. There were no adverse effects on the anesthetic procedures or during surgery. Post-operatively, two children (6.5%) vomited. Conclusion: The abbreviation of pre-operative fasting to 2 h with beverage containing carbohydrate in pediatric surgery is safe. Early refeeding in elective small/mid-size procedures can be prescribed.
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