Background and Objectives: An essential part of occupational stress management is identifying target groups and developing a wellbeing program that tailors interventions to the specific needs of the target groups. This study aims to explore whether psychosocial risk determinants and organizational intervention objects differ across employees’ groups based on sociodemographic factors in a Lithuanian public primary healthcare institution. Methods: All 690 health workers of the institution were invited to participate (response rate 68%) in a cross-sectional survey between February and March 2017. The questionnaire contained items related to sociodemographic factors (gender, age, job seniority, education, and occupation), 14 psychosocial risk determinants, and 10 organisational intervention objects. Results: The results of the study showed that differences by gender were not statistically significant except for one organisational intervention object (work–life balance). Only a few organisational intervention objects (justice of reward, matching to the job demand, and variety of tasks) had mean rank scores differing statistically across age and job seniority groups. Five organisational intervention objects (work–life balance, variety of tasks, communication, manager feedback, and stress management training) had mean rank scores differing statistically across education groups, and all organisational intervention objects (except stress management training) had mean rank scores differing statistically across occupational groups. Regarding psychosocial risk determinants, excessive work pace had mean rank scores differing statistically across age and job seniority groups. Four (overtime, unclear role, conflicting roles, and being under-skilled) and six psychosocial risk determinants (work overload, overtime, tight deadlines, unclear role, being under-skilled, and responsibility) had mean scores differing statistically across education and occupational groups, respectively. Statistical significance was considered with p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Conclusions: The findings showed that different psychosocial risk determinants and organizational interventional objects were emphasized by different sociodemographic groups in the institution, but they did not impact groups in the same measure. Therefore, it is crucial to start by determining the risk group’s specific needs before developing and implementing stress management programs.
SummaryThe article reviews the operation of out-of-hours service at PI "Centro poliklinika" during the period of four years, a range of services, operational specifics and outcomes. Benchmarking of this field of foreign countries was also carried out. The article provides the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted from October through December of 2014, involving 173 respondents who were delivered care by out-of-hours service.
Background An essential part of occupational stress management is identifying target groups and developing a wellbeing program that tailors organisational interventions to the specific needs of the target groups. The study aimed to explore whether psychosocial risk determinants and organisational intervention objects differ across employees' groups based on sociodemographic factors in a public healthcare institution. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, paper questionnaires were delivered to all health workers (n = 690) of the Lithuanian primary healthcare institution; the response rate 68%. The questionnaire contained items related to sociodemographic groups (gender, age, job seniority, education, occupational status), 14 psychosocial risk determinants, and 10 organisational intervention objects. Nonparametric tests for comparisons of the groups were used. Results The results showed that differences by gender were not statistically significant except for one organisational intervention object. Only 3 organisational intervention objects had mean rank scores differing statistically across age and job seniority groups; 5 objects - across education groups and almost all objects - across occupational groups. Regarding psychosocial risk determinants, one determinant had mean rank scores differing statistically across age and job seniority groups; 4 and 6 determinants - across education and occupational groups respectively. Statistical significance was considered with p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Conclusions The findings showed that different psychosocial risk determinants and organisational intervention objects were emphasized by different sociodemographic groups of health workers in the institution, but they did not impact groups in the same measure. Therefore, it is crucial to start by determining the risk group's specific needs before developing and implementing stress management programs. Key messages The study contributes to bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical solutions in occupational stress management at public primary healthcare settings. The study has proposed a way of diagnosing psychosocial risks and of tailoring interventions to all health workers of the public primary healthcare institution by using a simple and robust tool.
ĮvadasLytiniu keliu plintančios ligos ir jų prevencijos metodai iki šiol pasaulyje yra opi ir vis dar neišspręsta problema [7]. Kai kurios lytiškai plintančios infekcijos gali neturėti simptomų, todėl jas tiksliai diagnozuoti galima tik specialiais tyrimais. Lytiškai plintančių infekcijų tyrimui atlikti imamas mėginys (paimama išskyrų) iš varpos, vaginos ar gimdos kaklelio, kartais iš burnos, išangės. Kai kurioms infekcijoms (pvz. sifilio, ŽIV ir kt.) išsiaiškinti imamas kraujas iš venos. Pradėtą gydymo kursą visada reikia pabaigti, nors susirgimo simptomai gali išnykti ir anksčiau. Susirgus Chlamydia trachomatis -labiausiai paplitusi bakterinė lytiškai plintanti infekcija. Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos duomenimis, pasaulyje kasmet naujai chlamidine infekcija užsikrečia 100 milijonų žmonių. Didžiausią užsikrėtusiųjų dalį sudaro jaunesni nei 29 metų amžiaus lytiškai aktyvūs asmenys [1]. Norvegijos užkrečiamųjų ligų centro duomenimis (Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases (MSIS), nuo 1990 m. iki 2013 m. užsikrėtusių-jų chlamidine infekcija skaičius padidėjo dvigubai (nuo 4 proc. iki 8 proc. tirtųjų asmenų). Atlikti tyrimai parodė, kad moterys dažniau serga šia infekcija negu vyrai, taip pat didesnė tikimybė susirgti išlieka jau sirgus Chlamydia trachomatis anksčiau [13,14]. Anglijoje 2010 -2012 m. atlikto tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, kad moterys (3,1 proc.) taip pat dažniau serga chlamidine infekcija negu vyrai (2.3 proc. tirtųjų asmenų) [15]. Urogenitalinę chlamidiozę sukelia Chlamydia trachomatis rūšies D -K serotipai. Šia infekcija užsikrečiama per nesaugius lytinius (vagininius, oralinius ar analinius) santykius nuo infekuoto asmens, taip pat motina gali užkrėsti naujagimį gimdymo metu [2]. SERGAMUMAS LYTIŠKAI PLINTANČIOMIS INFEKCIJOMISLietuvoje Chlamydia trachomatis paplitimas gerokai viršija kai kurių Vakarų šalių rodiklius. Priežasčių yra įvai-rių. Tai nepakankamas pacientų informuotumas apie lytiš-kai plintančias infekcijas bei apsaugą lytinių santykių metu; nepasitikėjimas ar baimė kreiptis į savo šeimos gydytoją ar gydytojus specialistus -dermatovenerologą, urologą, ginekologą; nepasitikėjimas valstybinės įstaigos laboratorine tarnyba, palyginti su privačia; netobula atvejų pranešimo epidemiologinei tarnybai sistema [3].Besimptomės infekcijos yra klastingos dėl ilgalaikių pasekmių. Chlamydia trachomatis negydyta infekcija sukelia mažojo dubens uždegiminę ligą, o jos pasekmė -negimdinis nėštumas arba nevaisingumas. Be to, jauna moteris gali ilgą laiką platinti infekciją, perduodama ją partneriams. Ši SVEIKATOS MOKSLAI / HEALTH SCIENCES IN EASTERN EUROPE
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