Measurement of these three urinary oxidative products is non-invasive. Above all, measurement of urinary nitrate may be most useful in the clinical assessment of oxidative stress in both psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients. There is a possibility that urinary 8-OHdG level may indicate the different pathogenesis between psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

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Cosmetic moisturisers were applied to one side of the face of 18 male Japanese patients with acne vulgaris who were treated with a topical administration of adapalene and clindamycin phosphate gels. We assessed the alleviating effect of the moisturisers on the side effects of the treatment. The severity of acne and the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions were measured at 0, 2, and 4 weeks. The water content in the stratum corneum and transepidermal water loss were measured by comparing the moisturiser-treated and untreated sides of the face. The sensation of skin dryness and irritation on both sides of the face were assessed by the subjects. We observed that the use of moisturisers did not impact the efficacy of the standard topical treatment and they significantly improved the water content in the stratum corneum and the sensation of dryness. These results suggested that the use of moisturisers in combination with the standard topical treatment may improve adherence to therapy by alleviating the sensation of dryness.

The efficacy of combined therapy with a retinoid and antibiotic for Japanese patients with acne vulgaris remains to be established. Further, maintenance strategies limiting the use of topical retinoids must be identified. The objectives of this study are to determine the efficacy of sequential application of topical adapalene and clindamycin phosphate and to assess the impact of this regimen on patients' quality of life. Sixty-six patients were recruited. The regimen comprised two phases. For the 4-week initial treatment, 1% clindamycin phosphate gel was applied twice daily and 0.1% adapalene gel, once. In the 4-week maintenance phase, patients were randomly assigned to the OD group (adapalene applied once daily) or the TW group (adapalene applied once daily on 2 days per week). The acne severity score, lesion counts, microcomedone count, and sebum amount were measured. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using Skindex-16. All parameters improved significantly by week 4 of initial treatment. No statistically significant differences were found in the improvement of clinical findings between the groups. All QOL scores improved significantly and did not significantly differ between the groups. Our regimen may enable clinical control of acne in Japanese patients and improve their QOL. For limiting retinoid use, weekly application of adapalene during maintenance is suitable.

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