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Objectives To assess the disease pattern, outcome and associated factors of admitted patients at the pediatric intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January 2021 to June 2022. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study conducted. Data collected using an adapted questionnaire from the chart review and registration book. Statistical package for social science (version25) used for data entry and analysis. Result Of 332 total admitted pediatric patients during the study period, most 124 (39.1%) were admitted from pediatric emergency departments. The mean pediatric intensive care unit median length of stay was 20.5 days. Most patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit 71 (22.4%) were due to respiratory problems, whereas gastrointestinal disease 10 (3.2%) was the least common admission diagnosis. The mortality rate was 125 (39.3%), mostly caused by cardiovascular disease (25.6%). Admission diagnosis and use of mechanical ventilation have a statistically significant association with PICU mortality with a P-value of 0.05 in binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Respiratory and neurological diseases were the predominant conditions leading to pediatric intensive care unit admissions in our setting. More than half (56.8%) patients used mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease and patients who used mechanical ventilators.

Aims and Objectives: This study investigated occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among nurses at the emergency department and intensive care units of public hospitals in Addis Ababa city. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 18, 2021 to September 20, 2021. A simple random sampling method and semi-structured, self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data, which were analyzed using SPSS version 25. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with exposure to blood and body fluids on the AOR with a 95% confidence interval at a P-value of <.05. Patient and Public Involvement: No patients were involved in this study. Results: Of the total study participants (260), 198 (76%) nurses had been exposed to blood and body fluids in their professional live, and 167 (64%) were exposed to blood and body fluids in the last 12 months. Being male (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI: (1.35, 6.12), lacking access to handwashing facilities (AOR = 5.02, 95% CI: (3.73, 14.51)), not consistently wearing all the required types of personal protective equipment (AOR = 6.21, 95% CI: (2.39, 9.55)), and the lack of the required personal protective equipment (AOR = 5.53, 95% CI: (1.87, 10.38)) were all significant factors that were positively associated with exposure to blood and body fluids. Conclusion: This study showed that a higher proportion of nurses in the emergency department and intensive care unit were exposed to blood and body fluids in the study setting. Most nurses do not consistently wear all the required types of personal protective equipment, putting them at a higher risk of acquiring blood-borne pathogens. The authors recommended that there is a need to implement and strengthen appropriate and consistent use of all required personal protective equipment during any procedure, and patient care to reduce exposure to blood and body fluids. Relevance to Clinical Practice: This study provides baseline information for other action-based studies to assess exposure to blood and body fluids among nurses in emergency and intensive care units. Strobe Checklist: This manuscript was prepared based on the strobe checklist guidelines. Impact Statement: The study’s findings and recommendations might be used for healthcare providers, non-governmental organizations, and policymakers for appropriate planning and interventions to minimize or safeguard nurses’ exposure to blood and body fluids.

Objectives The main objective of this study will be to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of human immune deficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis for health care workers in government hospitals in the city of Addis Ababa. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from March to April 2022. The lottery method of simple random sampling technique used to select six government hospitals. Structured self-administered questionnaires used to collect data, which coded to Microsoft Excel and then exported to SPSS Version 26 for descriptive analysis. Results large proportion of respondents, 51.6%, found to have poor knowledge about post exposure prophylaxis for human immune deficiency virus. However, most respondents (54.2%) had a favorable attitude toward post-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus, while a significant number of respondents (63.6%) had poor practice. Conclusion A significant proportion of respondents had poor knowledge and practice towards post exposure prophylaxis for human immune deficiency virus, even though they had relatively favorable attitudes. Most health care workers (68.9%) did not receive any post-exposure prophylaxis training.

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