Modern vehicles house many advanced components; sensors and Electronic Control Units (ECUs)-now numbering in the 100s. These components provide various advanced safety, comfort and infotainment features, but they also introduce additional attack vectors for malicious entities. Attackers can compromise one or more of these sensors and flood the vehicle's internal network with fake sensor values. Falsified sensor values can confuse the driver, and even cause the vehicle to misbehave. Redundancy can be used to address compromised sensors, but adding redundant sensors will increase the cost per vehicle and is therefore less attractive.
Designing backbone network architecture (position of routers) of a distributed wireless sensor network for smart buildings can be a difficult task without the use of computer-aided tools. These tools should provide a robust and efficient solution to the problem with quick response time. However, available synthesis tools for designing wireless sensor networks are very limited, and in most cases, do not have the capability to perform an automatic synthesis of the backbone network. Puggelli et al. proposed an interactive design tool based on Dijkstras algorithm, which can assist the rapid design of sensor networks. However, it has a very high execution time when the network size is relatively large (e.g., more than 50 nodes). In addition, it can produce suboptimal solutions, by placing a large number of router nodes in the network. In this paper, we present efficient and robust synthesis algorithms that improve the run time with respect to Puggelli et al. for large networks by as much as 13× (4× on average). In comparison with Puggelli et al., the number of routers in these networks was also reduced by as much as 60% (41% on average). Index Terms-Wireless sensor network; router placement; synthesis algorithm.1530-437X . His novel ideas of model-based design for sensor networks made profound impact on engineering and industrial communities, and have been published in book chapters, renowned journals, conference proceedings, major scientific magazines, and also translated in several different languages. His research interests include methodologies and tools for embedded system design, in particular, the domain of sensor networks, energy-efficient building management and control system design, cloud computing, cyber physical system, and methodology for the design of distributed embedded systems subject to high real-time, safety, and reliability constraints.
Designing a distributed wireless sensor network can be a difficult effort without using simulation tools. These tools should provide a robust and efficient solution for the problem with quick response time. However, available simulation tools for designing wireless sensor networks are very limited. Authors in [1] proposed an interactive design tool based on Dijkstra's algorithm which can assist rapid design of sensor network. However, it has a very high execution time when the network size is relatively large,i.e. n ≥ 50. Moreover, it produces a suboptimal solution with large number of router nodes. In this paper, we present efficient and robust synthesis algorithms which exclusively reduce run time for large networks as much as 1000% and also produce a synthesized network with a reduced number of router nodes as much as 150% in comparison to similar previous works.Index Terms-wireless sensor network; router placement; synthesis algorithm. I. INTRODUCTIONWireless sensor network (WSN) has recently attracted a great deal of attention in technology research societies. It has various applications including health care, environmental monitoring, security, and defense. One of the most significant applications of WSN is in building Automation Systems (BAS). Since designing a sophisticated WSN for BAS is not an easy manual task by individuals, a Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool can play a significant role.In [4,5], authors illustrated tools and methodologies for the modeling, simulation and automatic code generation of WSN applications. In this paper, we extend existing CAD tools by proposing a tool for network synthesis. In particular, we introduce an interactive tool that optimizes network topology, i.e. the location of router nodes. The tool facilitates users by reducing design time and by improving the quality of the network topology in comparison to a simulation-based approach, where designers have to simulate several different topologies to get the most qualified one, with no guarantee of optimality. Users can interact with the tool through a GUI, and add new information about the network behavior and the deployment environment, according to their fields of expertise. The tool takes this information into account to incrementally adapt the node positions, and it provides feedback to the designers by analyzing network performance.The tool takes the basic inputs from the network designer which are a 2-D floor-plan image, positions of end devices such as sensors or actuators and base stations. Then a network of routers and the previously placed end-devices and the base stations is synthesized based on a heuristic algorithm which is
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