Physical activity is one of the factors conditioning human health. Research shows a positive impact of regular physical activity on the quality of human life. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the physical activity of university students, their parents, and their grandparents, and the overall quality of their lives in individual domains (physical, mental, social, environmental), as well as the perceived state of health in relation to selected determinants. The research included 1001 participants, including 253 students related to physical culture and health promotion studying at the University of Szczecin (faculties: physical education, tourism and recreation, public health, sports diagnostics), and their 336 parents and 412 grandparents. Purposive sampling was used to outline the determinants of quality of life and family factors in physical activity. The diagnostic survey was carried out based on the standardized WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life) questionnaire. Statistically significant differences were shown in the studied generations regarding the assessment of quality of life and satisfaction with health in the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. The oldest generation gave the lowest assessment of quality of life and was the least satisfied with their health regarding particular domains. Female students were more satisfied with their health compared to grandmothers and grandfathers, whereas male students compared to mothers and fathers. Fathers achieved the highest scores in the psychological and social domains, but, in case of the latter, differences were found between mothers’ and fathers’ assessments. Intergenerational differences were found in quality of life and the assessment of health status. Current participation in broadly understood physical culture was often a result of positive attitudes towards physical education and doing sport in the past, which meant higher scores in the physical domain each time. The study demonstrated that taking up physical activity impacted the quality of life and assessment of health in the past and currently.
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the quality of life and health satisfaction with the level of sport performance in individuals practicing wheelchair basketball, wheelchair rugby, rowing and individual sports. The research included 192 athletes with disabilities, aged 19 to 49, from all over Poland. Males accounted for almost 80% of the subjects. The group of respondents included people who practice either competitive (classified) (n=66) (World Champions, Polish Champions) or amateur (unclassified) (n=126) sports. The standardized questionnaire of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and a self-designed questionnaire were used. Nonparametric statistics were applied in the analyses of the results. The value of p≤0.05 was assumed to be statistically significant. It was found that amateurs felt greater health satisfaction and assessed their quality of life higher than the Polish Champions (p≤0.05). However, in the environmental domain, it was the Polish Champions who achieved better results (p≤0.05). In the social, physical and psychological domains, higher scores were achieved by amateur athletes as compared to the Polish and World Champions (p≤0.05). Wheelchair basketball athletes were more satisfied with their health and quality of life, as well as other domains (apart from environmental), as compared to wheelchair rugby and rowing athletes (p≤0.05). People aged 25-34, with education above the secondary level, employed, felt best about their quality of life. Improving the quality of life should be an important goal in the rehabilitation and training process of people with disabilities practicing sports.
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