The composition of the essential oils of two species of the genus Sideritis (Labiatae) was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (g.c.-m.s.). Ca 50 components were identified. The smell of the diluted oils closely resembled that of a beverage prepared from it in the Balkans, the so-called 'mountain tea'.

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The composition of the volatile oil from Abies X arnoldiana Nitz., a spontaneous hybrid of A. koreana Wils. and A. ueitchii Lindl., has been investigated. The oil was analyzed by means of fractionation on silica gel, followed by gas chromatography over poly(m-phenyl ether) (six ring). Fifteen monoterpene hydrocarbons, three sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, trans-2-hexenal, and 16 oxygenated monoterpenes were identified. Isolations of the oil by the techniques of hydrodistillation and solvent extraction were compared. As a result it must be concluded that solvent extraction gives a more reliable picture of the terpene pattern present in the plant than distillation, as detrimental factors such as pH of distillation water, hydrolysis of labile components, and crystallization in the condenser of the distillation apparatus are ruled out. From this investigation it is also likely that santene and 5,6-dimethy1-5-norbornen-exo-2-01 are artifacts of distillation.

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