Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the most frequent type of seronegative spondyloarthropathy, which mainly involves the axial spine. In advanced cases, the chronic inflammatory process can cause fibrosis and calcification, which leads to loss of flexibility and fusion of the vertebrae, resembling a "bamboo", with a fixed posture, generally known as chin-on-chest deformation. The functional limitations of this particular deformity are significant: the patients are unable to look forward, make visual contact, and have difficulty eating. All these factors with typically concomitant osteoporosis will significantly increase the risk of spinal injury with severe instability, deformity, and, most importantly, deteriorating neurological function or paralysis requiring spinal surgery. Common indications for spinal intervention on patients with AS are:
Российская медицинская академия постдипломного образования, Москва, Россия; Центральный научно-исследовательский институт стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии, Москва, Россия Ключевые слова: расщепление альвеолярного гребня, вестибулярное смещение кортикальной пластинки, дентальный имплантат, остеопластический материал.
We describe spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea through a patent tympanomeningeal (Hyrtl) fissure presenting as recurrent serous otitis media. The CSF leak was observed when a drain was placed through the tympanic membrane by an otologist. The diagnosis was then confirmed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and the patient underwent a successful surgical treatment via a retrosigmoid approach. We describe the case and review causes of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea/otorrhea.
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