LATAR BELAKANG: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan gangguan saluran pernapasan akut yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 dan telah menjadi pandemi di seluruh dunia. COVID-19 telah menjangkit seluruh penduduk dunia tidak terkecuali wanita hamil. Kerentanan wanita hamil terhadap infeksi menjadi latar belakang perlunya studi tentang pengaruh COVID-19 baik pada ibu, janin, maupun bayi yang dilahirkan. TUJUAN: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kasus COVID-19 pada ibu hamil, potensi transmisi vertikal, ada tidaknya asam nukleat SARS-CoV-2 pada ASI, pengaruh COVID-19 pada perkembangan janin, serta pengobatan ibu hamil dengan COVID-19. METODE: Studi ini mengulas dan membandingkan sumber dari artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, dan review dari jurnal internasional bereputasi. HASIL: Sebagian besar kasus COVID-19 yang ditemukan pada wanita hamil adalah tergolong kasus ringan, adanya transmisi vertikal yang rendah dibuktikan dari hasil tes sampel ibu dan bayi, minimnya kasus spontaneous abortus, kelahiran bayi prematur, kematian bayi, serta gangguan perkembangan. ASI dari ibu hamil positif COVID-19 juga cukup aman diberikan pada bayi dikarenakan kasus positif asam nukleat SARS-CoV-2 sangat minim ditemukan. KESIMPULAN: Berdasarkan studi yang komprehensif, COVID-19 pada ibu hamil sejauh ini masih cukup terkendali. Namun demikian perlu adanya tes yang menyeluruh sebab setiap individu memiliki kondisi yang berbeda satu dengan lainnya. Kata Kunci: COVID-19, janin, kehamilan, SARS-CoV-2, transmisi BACKGROUND: Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory tract caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and has become a pandemic worldwide. COVID-19 has gathered the entire world population including pregnant women. The vulnerability of pregnant women to infections is become the background was to know the effect of COVID-19 both on the mother, fetus, and baby born. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the description of COVID-19 cases in pregnant women, the potential for vertical transmission, the presence or absence of nucleic acid SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk, the effect of COVID-19 on fetal development, and the treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19. METHOD: This study attempts to review and compare sources from research articles, case reports, and reviews from reputable international journals. RESULT: Most cases of COVID-19 found in pregnant women are classified as mild cases, the presence of low vertical transmission is evidenced from the results of mother and baby sample tests, the lack of cases of spontaneous abortion, premature baby births, infant deaths, and developmental disorders. Breastfeeding from COVID-19 positive pregnant women is also quite safe given to infants because positive cases of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid are very low. CONCLUSION: Based on a comprehensive study, COVID-19 in pregnant women so far is still quite under control. However, there needs to be a thorough test because each individual has different conditions from one another. Keywords: COVID-19, fetus, pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2, transmission
COVID-19 is a type of Pneumonia caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). When COVID-19 arise in Wuhan China and rapidly spread throughout to the World, we need to learn how pathogenesis and immune responses occur in the bodies in more detail. COVID-19 is the third Severe Respiratory Disease outbreak caused by the Coronavirus in the past two decades after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in the 2002 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. The Articles from PUBMED and Research Gate were searched for studies on the immune response of COVID-19 infection by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 increases the number of neutrophils, suppresses IFN, increases the activity of Th1/Th17, B cells, CD8+ and CD4+, and causes cytokine storms especially pro-inflammatory cytokines which can increase respiration disorders and multi-organ damage. This review tries to explain about pathogenesis and immune responses of COVID-19 to provide a reference in designing the appropriate immune intervention for treatment and therapeutic such as drug or vaccine based on the recent research progress SARS-CoV-2 and previous studies about SARS CoV and MERS CoV.
Spiral artery apoptosis plays a role in the process of abortion. Low Bcl2 expression found in abortion and in spiral artery. In pregnancy, Toxoplasmosis infection is found to increase apoptosis in spiral arteries. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) improves the expression of Bcl-2. This study aims to determine the effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy in enhancing the expressions of Bcl2 in artery spiralis of pregnant rats infected with tachyzoite of Toxoplasma gondii. This is an experiment with a ‘randomized control group of post-test only design’ on 37 Rattus novergicus Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were divided into four groups. The group A is pregnant rats infected with 103 tachyzoites via intraperitoneal injection and received 10 sessions of HBOT 2.4 ATA in 3x30 minutes. Group B is pregnant only and received HBOT. Group C is pregnant and infected with tachyzoite but did not received HBOT. And the last, Group D is pregnant rats with no infection and did not received HBOT. Examinations of Bcl2 expressions were performed on day-5 after HBOT (twice a day). The Bcl2 expression was measured with immunohistochemistry. All data were tested with One-way ANOVA from SPSS 21. There is an increased expression of Bcl2 spiralis artery in the Group A. There was a significant difference between Group A and Group C with a value of p=0.042. HBOT can increase the expression of Bcl2 from the spiral arteries of rats, in the provision of HBOT 2.4 ATA for 3x30 minutes, 10 times in 5 days.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, tachyzoite, Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy, Bcl2, spiralis arteryCorrespondence to: didins99@gmail.com ABSTRAK Apoptosis arteri spiralis berperan dalam proses aborsi. Ekspresi Bcl2 rendah ditemukan pada aborsi dan di arteri spiral. Pada kehamilan, infeksi Toxoplasmosis ditemukan meningkatkan apoptosis pada arteri spiralis. Terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik (HBOT) meningkatkan ekspresi Bcl-2. Ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan desain post-test only pada 37 hamil Rattus novergicus Sprague Dawley, maka tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Grup A HBOT adalah tikus hamil yang terinfeksi tachyzoite yang menerima terapi 10 sesi HBOT 2.4 ATA dalam 3x30 menit; kelompok B adalah Hamil saja dan tidak mendapat HBOT; kelompok C Hamil dan terinfeksi tachyzoite T.gondii tetapi tidak menerima HBOT; dan kelompok D adalah tikus hamil normal. Setiap tikus hamil yang terinfeksi diberi 103 Tachyzoite Toxoplasma gondii melalui intraperitoneal. Pemeriksaan ekspresi Bcl2 dilakukan pada hari ke-5 setelah HBOT (dua kali sehari). Tikus terbunuh dan kadar Bcl2 Arteri spiralis diukur dengan pemeriksaan Immunohistokimia. Semua data dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA dengan Program SPSS 21. Pada studi ini menunjukkan terapi Oksigen Hiperbarik dapat meningkatkan Ekspresi Bcl2 Arteri Spiralis dengan dosis 2.4 ATA selama 3x30 menit dalam 10 sesi selama 5 hari terapi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa HBOT dapat meningkatkan ekspresi Bcl2 dalam arteri spiralis, dalam pemberian HBO 2.4 ATA selama 3x30 menit dalam 10 sesi.Kata kunci: HBOT, Arteri spiralis, Bcl2, Tachyzoite Toxoplasma gondiiKorespondensi: didins99@gmail.com
Research on pregnancies with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) infected with COVID-19 is very limited. In pregnant conditions, there is a shift from Th1 to Th2 and physiological changes that make it very susceptible to being infected by COVID-19 in pregnancy, in addition to complaints that are similar between changes due to pregnancy and symptoms of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to Explain the effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women with IDDM. This study was conducted using a descriptive method of clinical and laboratory examination results of one pregnant patient aged 26 years with IDDM and infected with COVID-19 at the Trosobo Health Center. The variables in this study were the results of clinical and laboratory examinations of patients during treatment. All data were then analyzed descriptively according to the latest journal literature. Result of this study showed that Pregnant women with IDDM and infected with COVID-19 might have disorders of the lung organs in the form of pneumonia on X-rays, disturbances in laboratory test and minor clinical disorders. In addition, it is important to note that the presence of heart problems as indicated by disturbances in the rhythm of the post partum ECG. COVID-19 infection in pregnant women with IDDM can show mild or severe symptoms such as heart problems and further research is needed on the effect of this infection with a larger sample.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.