Acute Kidney injury (AKI) is one of the leading health concerns resulting in accumulation of nitrogenous as well as non-nitrogenous wastes in body and characterised by a rapid deterioration in kidney functions. Besides the major toll from the primary insult in the kidney, consequential extra-renal secondary insults endowed with the pathways of inflammatory milieu often complicates the disease outcome. Some of the known symptoms of AKI leading to clinical reporting are fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, nausea, vomiting, and pain in the flanks, wherein proinflammatory cytokines have been strongly implicated in pathogenesis of AKI and neuro-inflammation. Taking in account these clues, we have tried to decode the neuro-inflammation and pain perception phenomenon during the progression of AKI using the pathway integration and biological network strategies. The pathways and networks were generated using bioinformatics software viz. PANTHER, Genomatix and PathVisio to establish the relationship between immune and neuro related pathway in AKI. These observations envisage a neurol-renal axis that is predicted to involve calcium channels in neuro-inflammatory pathway of AKI. These observations, thus, pave a way for a new paradigm in understanding the interplay of neuro-immunological signalling in AKI.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant global health concern. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, sepsis and nephrotoxicity. The unraveled interface between nervous system and immune response with specific focus on pain pathways is generating a huge interest in reference to AKI. The nervous system though static executes functions by nerve fibers throughout the body. Neuronal peptides released by nerves effect the immune response to mediate the hemodynamic system critical to the functioning of kidney. Pain is the outcome of cellular cross talk between nervous and immune systems. The widespread release of neuropeptides, neurotransmitters and immune cells contribute to bidirectional neuroimmune cross talks for pain manifestation. Recently, we have reported pain pathway genes that may pave the way to better understand such processes during AKI. An auxiliary understanding of the functions and communications in these systems will lead to novel approaches in pain management and treatment through the pathological state, specifically during acute kidney injury.
Background: Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease typically obesity-related. Alcohol consumption and smoking are two of the many factors that can influence the onset of hypertension. Alcohol was found to aggravate hypertension in numerous earlier studies. The present study has been objectively conducted with an aim to assess the impact of alcohol consumption and smoking on blood pressure and anthropometric parameters among college going students in Jammu. Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 medical students at Postgraduate Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Jammu over a period of one year from November 2019 to October 2020. Results: Mean BMI, mean WHR were significantly high among individuals with smoking history compared to respondents without smoking history (25.8 ± 4.32 vs. 22.56 ± 3.01;p-value=0.03) and (0.92 ± 0.06 vs. 0.85 ± 0.06;p-value=0.042) respectively. However; mean SBP and mean DNP was comparable between the individuals with and without smoking history. Mean BMI (26.75 ± 8.13 vs. 22.66 ± 2.99; p-value=0.043), mean WHR (0.91 ± 0.03 vs. 0.85 ± 0.06; p-value=0.039), mean SBP (123 ± 9.01 vs. 119.90± 7.29; p-value=0.047), and DBP (84±6.32 vs. 78.76±5.34; p-value=0.002) were significantly high among individuals with alcohol consumption compared to respondents without alcohol consumption Conclusion: With regard to mean systolic BP and mean diastolic, there was no significant difference between subjects with and without smoking history. However; Alcohol consumption in the study population was found to be significantly associated with higher BMI, WHR, systolic BP and diastolic BP. Keywords: Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, body mass index, obesity, blood pressure, hypertension
Worldwide, approximately 17.7 million people died from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in 2015 (31% of all global deaths) according to the World health organization (WHO); among these, 7.4 million deaths were due to coronary heart disease (CHD). A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 medical students, belonging to 18-25 years age group, who were randomly enrolled in the study from Government Medical College, Jammu over a period of one year from November 2019 to October 2020 with the objectives: 1.To determine anthropometric measures, blood pressures, personal and family history of cardiovascular risk factors/disease among medical students. 2. To determine the prevalence of some adverse lifestyle choices that may predispose to an increased CVD risk among medical students. The study results showed that out of 200 students, 30 females and 9 male study subjects reported with inconsistent or no physical activity had high-risk of obesity (high waist hip ratio) and also reported high (pre-hypertension) systolic BP was 47 and high (pre-hypertension) diastolic BP was 43. The study results also revealed that the majority of the study subjects113 (56.5%) were Females.
Background: Junk foods are defined as meals or beverages with little nutritional value that are made to be easily accessible for consumption with little to no thought to their nutritional potential. The present study has been objectively conducted to assess the association of consumption of junk foods with anthropometric indices and its impact on blood pressure levels. Methods: The present study was conducted on 200 medical students at Postgraduate Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Jammu over a period of one year from November 2019 to October 2020. Results: Mean weight and mean height of studied individuals was 62.39±3.75 kg and 165.44 ± 9.50 cms respectively. The study population's mean body mass index (BMI), which ranged from 16.19 to 37.7 kg/m2, was 22.74±3.17 kg/m2. The average waist circumference, average hip circumference (HC) and the average waist-to-hip ratio of studied individuals was (79.83±9.30) cms, (93.25 ± 8.34) cms, and (0.85 ± 0.07) respectively. The study population's average systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 120.08 ± 8.85 mmHg and 79.06 ± 5.82 mmHg respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that there was no significant association of junk food/soda drinks consumption with BMI, WHR, systolic BP, and diastolic BP. Keywords: Junk Food Consumption, Anthropometric Indices, Cardiovascular Parameters, BMI, WHR, BP, College Going Students
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.