O estudo teve por objetivo identificar as características da estrutura e gestão das propriedades rurais do Oeste de Santa Catarina. Metodologicamente a pesquisa se caracteriza quanto aos objetivos como descritiva, quanto aos procedimentos de levantamento e análise como quantitativa. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários para uma amostra composta de 210 proprietários rurais dos municípios de Quilombo, Coronel Freitas e Cordilheira Alta, localizados na região Oeste de Santa Catarina. Constatou-se, quanto à estrutura, que 60% das propriedades rurais pesquisadas possuem até 20 hectares, 84% dos gestores rurais possuem mais de 40 anos de idade. 72% desses gestores possuem apenas o ensino básico incompleto. Quanto à gestão, os resultados evidenciam que apenas 28% das propriedades rurais realizam algum tipo de controle por atividade desenvolvida e apenas 10% utilizam-se de controle de caixa. Questionados sobre o processo de sucessão familiar, identificou-se em apenas 3% das propriedades rurais pesquisadas o interesse dos filhos em continuarem no desenvolvimento das atividades rurais. Os resultados gerais do estudo demonstram a carência da utilização de controles contábeis no meio rural, bem como as fragilidades da estrutura organizacional e do processo de continuidade das propriedades rurais do Oeste de Santa Catarina.
RESUMOO objetivo do estudo é identificar o uso da contabilidade como instrumento de gestão das propriedades rurais. Os procedimentos metodológicos caracterizam a pesquisa como exploratória, de levantamento e de natureza quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário com 150 produtores rurais do município de Erval Grande -RS. Constatou-se que a maioria das propriedades rurais é de pequeno porte, com até 50 hectares de terra e com a predominância da mão de obra familiar, em que o faturamento anual para 67% da amostra é de até R$ 24.000,00. Verificou-se que 61% dos produtores rurais entrevistados não separam seus gastos particulares dos gastos com as atividades rurais. Para 56% dos entrevistados os preços dos produtos comercializados são definidos pela cooperativa ou empresa compradora e 48% desconhecem os objetivos e as finalidades da contabilidade. Os resultados gerais evidenciam a necessidade do reconhecimento dos objetivos da contabilidade pelos gestores rurais e da utilização da contabilidade como um instrumento de apoio à gestão das propriedades rurais, tendo em vista a carência identificada pelo estudo. Palavras-chave:Contabilidade rural. Propriedades rurais. Gestão de estabelecimentos rurais.
All companies in agribusiness supply chains need to be aware of the best use of available resources, which demands an integrated assessment of environmental, economic and social aspects, i.e., the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). Such analysis allows us to get a more balanced and complete understanding of the real performance of companies, supply chains and industries. Companies in the upstream of agribusinesses supply chains present some limitations, but can contribute significantly to the overall sustainability of the entire value chain. The objective of this research was to understand the role of the drivers of sustainability in dairy farming from a TBL perspective, such as assistance to producers and the value chain, and the use of better technology and management practices. A sample of 54 rural farms in the dairy supply chain of the western region of Santa Catarina, Brazil, was used to test four hypotheses about what can drive sustainability. Furthermore, first- and second-order structural equation models using SMART PLS software were used for the analysis of the data. The results obtained show that social sustainability is positively influenced by the use of good management practices, and the latter, as well as public policies, positively influence economic sustainability. Furthermore, it was found that improvements in production techniques positively influence environmental sustainability, and this is mostly influenced by the use of good management practices, and less so by policies directed at the supply chain. Finally, from the analysis of the second-order variable for sustainability, it was highlighted that the economic dimension prevails in the eyes of the farmers, as the main dimension of sustainability, and that environmental aspects are still neglected.
In this paper, a model and a set of indicators for evaluating the sustainability in swine supply chains are presented and discussed. Using the Delphi method, environmental, social and economic indicators were identified (namely environmental performance indicators to evaluate soil, water, air, energy and environmental practices; social performance indicators related to human capital and social interaction; and economic performance indicators that address labor remuneration and return on investment). Subsequently, the proposed sustainability assessment model was applied for validation purposes in three different companies belonging to the swine supply chain in the southern region of Brazil. This study differs from previous ones by focusing on the sustainability assessment of the upstream and downstream of the supply chain, which are responsible for significant impacts. The performance of the studied companies from the three triple bottom-line (TBL) dimensions is significantly different. Both negative and positive impacts were found to be related to most of the specific metrics. The economic dimension presented a better performance than the environmental and social ones. Furthermore, there was a predominance of negative impacts in the environmental dimension, in relation to the soil, water, air, and energy indicators. Thus, specific actions, strategies, and policies must be designed for the different companies towards an effective and comprehensive sustainability throughout the swine supply chain. The proposed model can be extended to other companies in the same supply chain, replicated in other livestock and agribusiness industries and supply chains (such as cattle and poultry), and it can be used in different locations and including additional indicators and metrics.
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