"Proactive" management of PICC, significantly reduced the incidence of CRIs. The reduction in infection rate is estimated to save 180 hospitalized patient days/100 very low birth weight neonates, with a concomitant savings in morbidity and medical expense.
Purpose: To determine the composition and site of initiation of bacterial biofilm location on indwelling urinary catheters, and to track biofilm progression over time.Materials & Methods: Indwelling urinary catheters were collected from two tertiary care centers following removal from patients. Indwelling time was noted, and catheters were deidentified. Catheters were sectioned, stained for biofilms, and analyzed using spectrophotometry and visualization. Biofilm colonization patterns were analyzed using descriptive statistical analyses and bacterial composition was determined using next-generation sequencing.Results: 33 catheters from 26 males and 7 females were collected with indwelling times ranging from 15 minutes to 43 days and analyzed. Biofilm colonization was consistently high on the region of the balloon throughout indwelling times. After week 1, the distal third of the catheter had higher biofilm colonization than the proximal third (week 2: p=0.034). At all indwelling times, the intraluminal surface of the catheter had greater biofilm colonization than the outer surface. Nextgeneration sequencing detected potential uropathogenic bacteria in 10 of 10 analyzed samples.
Conclusions:The catheter balloon, its distal aspect, and its lumen were the predominant locations of biofilms, comprised of uropathogenic bacteria. Strategies to prevent or treat biofilms should be targeted to these areas.
Oral feeding readiness is a complex concept. More evidence is needed on how to approach beginning oral feedings in premature hospitalized infants. This article provides a review of literature related to oral feeding readiness in the premature infant and strategies for promoting safe and efficient progression to full oral intake. Oral feeding readiness assessment tools, clinical pathways, and feeding advancement protocols have been developed to assist with oral feeding initiation and progression. Recognition and support of oral feeding readiness may decrease length of hospital stay and have a positive impact on reducing healthcare costs. Supporting effective cue-based oral feeding through use of rigorous assessment or evidence-based care guidelines can also optimize the hospital experience for infants and caregivers, which, in turn, can promote attachment and parent satisfaction.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.