This paper describes the B-mode, colour and spectral Doppler appearances of breast pseudoaneurysm - a rare vascular complication of ultrasound-guided needle core biopsy. Previously reported cases of spontaneous and iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm of the breast are reviewed. The significance of this potentially serious complication is discussed with reference to the increasing use of imaging and image guided techniques in the diagnosis of breast disease.

Role development for imaging allied health professionals has progressed significantly over the last three decades with many major developments pioneered in the field of ultrasound. This paper reviews the developing role of the radiographer in ultrasound and some of the clinical, professional and educational implications of such development. As the published evidence base underpinning the latest developments is scarce, several contemporary case study examples, which have been presented verbally at study days attended by the authors, have been included. In conclusion, sonographer role development is considered within the professional contexts of extended role, advanced and consultant practice.

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This study examined age-related changes in the child's application of the principle of majority rule in group decisions. Following a problem posed by Moessinger (1981), we enquired whether children routinely apply the majority rule when the majority consists of a shifring (variable) set of members across decisions, and alternate between majority and minority when the majority and minority is Jixrd, i.e. consists of the same individuals each time. In Geneva, Moessinger found that 8-year-olds failed to discriminate between fixed and shifting majorities, while most 13-year-olds (75 per cent) did so. An altered replication was conducted in Australia modifying Moessinger's procedure to control for extraneous variables such as 'set' and the need for variety in choice. It was found that on the task 7 per cent of 8-year-olds, 20 per cent of 10-year-olds, 32 per cent of 12-year-olds, and 39 per cent of 14-year-olds discriminated on a behavioural criterion between fixed and shifting majorities. Ten per cent of 8-year-olds, 40 per cent of 10-year-olds, 52 per cent of 12-year-olds, and 55 per cent of 14-year-olds made the discrimination on Moessinger's cognitive 'reason' criterion. The results show that development of the conceptual distinction between fixed and shifting majorities is gradual and continuous.

SUMMARY A case of the cauda equina syndrome complicating ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is described. An