The present article is written on the occasion of staging Socrates on Trial in Athens. The authors want to reveal unexplored psychological (such as the problem of personal identity, human relations, therapeutic needs of modern man etc.) and social aspects and situations (e.g. problem of justice, social role of the wise man, philosophy in education etc.) that those involved in the specific dramatization have faced with. The application of the Socratic dialectic in the theatrical presentation of philosophical ideas is discussed within the contemporary context of philosophical counseling and various therapeutic activities -such as the so-called philosophical "Praxis"since the 1970's. We argue in favor of a validly applied interrelation between philosophy and theatre today in which the platonic drama proves to be of great value as a literature genre that stands among them. Therefore we support that in Andrew Irvine's play and the experience of staging Socrates on Trial in its Greek version, we have a genuine example of an educational and therapeutic application of philosophy through art.
"Philosophical games provide an innovative transformative structure in the learning process for all levels of formal education. The motivation is to provide elementary school teachers with an innovative methodology for Game-based-Learning of Philosophy/in Philosophy teaching. A combination and attentive collaboration of Philosophy, Art and games/ Game-based Learning provides new tools in approaching and solving the problems that education faces today. Since Game-based Learning constitutes a strong trend in technologically enhanced learning, is the, where/with the employment of gaming elements both in learning content and learning pathways, the proposed methodology leads to a series of novel applications about teaching philosophy that enable young agents to cultivate hypothetic-deductive and critical thinking with a positive attitude towards others and developing feelings of constructive antagonism. The teaching scenario proposed aims at cultivating hypothetic – deductive and critical thought/moreover, enhances the linguistic ability in the vocabulary of ancient Greek philosophy as well. The scenario is part of a game suite entitled “Entering the Socratic school” and targets 10–12-year-old children. It is easy to implement on any digital platform with open-source tools used by almost every teacher. The game elements rely on the structure of the learning content rather than on the digital tools themselves. The methodology consists in designing a concept map and defining the game narrative, the game levels and transitions between levels, the mechanics to be used, such as polls, badges, and leaderboards. Online activities include digital games such as quizzes and crossword puzzles, student generated comic stories, and a digital guide. They are complemented by physical activities involving movement and dialogue using fishbowl techniques and Socratic circles. The proposed teaching scenario will be implemented in the classroom in the following academic year and our work team applies interdisciplinary approaches inspired by at least three different fields of expertise."
The art of dance is now studied in the sciences and philosophy. From the time of the ancient Greek thinkers to the modern era, dance has never ceased to be considered a way of expressing multiple potentialities of culture. The way that man danced in history is also a reflection on every era of man's relationship with nature, the universe and social structures.By selecting the most significant of all references to dance that the modern reader may encounter today, we locate the wealth and variety of information and approaches as well as the interdisciplinary nature of the studies provided. However, both the historical as well as the literary sources and the more recent ethnological and anthropological approaches do not cease to remain in an informational and encyclopedic field, without completing the theoretical explanation and understanding of the phenomenon unless and until specific philosophical questions are answered. These latter ones have to do with the identity of dance experience – based on data about the nature of learning, the relation of dance to language, science or sciences (history, philology, natural sciences), metaphysics and cosmology, the functionality and applicability of dance uses in society, religion and politics. Even the meaning of dance itself or the aesthetic principles as well as the moral and educational values of the ancient dance activity fall within traditional areas of philosophical contemplation or at least are not sufficiently systematized in the direction of methodical research unless they are subject to philosophical inquiry. We will focus on those facts which can show that orchesis/dance is treated by philosophy as an anthropological and at the same time cosmological concept referring to the relation of the human being to its inner psyche and to the environment. The "intelligence" of ancient Greek dance culture that has unfolded over many centuries, in various shapes and types of music poetry, but also with a rich social, educational and therapeutic functionality, is yet another discovery of the Greeks from their earliest history.
In the context of the research effort of the Ancient Orchesis Study Group to reconstitute the philosophical and wider cultural presuppositions that define the ancient Greek dance culture, from which the Greek-speaking and Roman world was removed, to return with the Renaissance in a new European context, along with the recognition of the basic anthropological, on the one hand, aesthetic, on the other hand, criteria and principles of art and, in particular, of dance expression, we attempt a review of certain concepts like θεραπεία, κάθαρσις, ἔρως and finally δρᾶμα, χορός & ὄρχησις-which stand for characteristic phenomena of ancient Greek culture. This article plays the role of an introduction into the philosophical-historical investigation and understanding of concepts of intrinsic importance in the question about relating philosophy with art and therapy in the ancient world.
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