Water stress in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) causes considerable losses in yield, and therefore, potato is often considered to be a drought sensitive crop. Identification of water deficit tolerant potato genotypes is an adaptation strategy to mitigate the climatic changes that are occurring in the Cundiboyacense region in Colombia. Previous studies have evaluated potato plants under water stress conditions using physiological analyses. However, these methodologies require considerable amounts of time and plant material to perform these measurements. This study evaluated and compared the physiological and spectral traits between two genotypes, Diacol Capiro and Perla Negra under two drought levels (10 and 15 days without irrigation from flowering). Reflectance information was used to calculate indexes which were associated with the physiological behavior in plants. The results showed that spectral information was correlated (ρ < 0.0001) with physiological variables such as foliar area (FA), total water content (H2Ot), relative growth rate of potato tubers (RGTtub), leaf area ratio (LAR), and foliar area index (AFI). In general, there was a higher concentration of chlorophyll under drought treatments. In addition, Perla Negra under water deficit treatments did not show significant differences in its physiological variables. Therefore, it could be considered a drought tolerant genotype because its physiological performance was not affected under water stress conditions. However, yield was affected in both genotypes after being subject to 15 days of drought. The results suggested that reflectance indexes are a useful and affordable approach for potato phenotyping to select parent and segregant populations in breeding programs.
El anegamiento afecta el crecimiento y producción de biomasa en tomate chonto (Solanum lycopersicum L.), cultivado bajo sombrío Waterlogging affects the growth and biomass production of chonto tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), cultivated under shading RESUMENEl estrés por anegamiento e inundación de las plantaciones se ha convertido en un factor abiótico limitante del crecimiento, el desarrollo y la productividad de los cultivos. Para estudiar el efecto del anegamiento sobre el tomate tipo chonto, híbrido larga vida Roble F1, se realizó un experimento en condiciones de invernadero de plástico, con y sin sombrío (una polisombra negra con 56,4% de reducción lumínica en un día soleado) de plantas anegadas. Se utilizaron materas plásticas de 1 L de capacidad, con turba rubia como sustrato en mezcla con suelo orgánico en proporción 1:1, las cuales fueron anegadas con una lámina de agua hasta 4 cm por encima del sustrato durante 4, 8 y 12 días. Las variables evaluadas incluyeron altura de planta, número de hojas y frutos, y biomasa seca de los órganos. El estudio mostró que los periodos de 4, 8 y 12 días de anegamiento redujeron significativamente la altura de la planta y el número de hojas, después de 12 y 16 días de iniciado el anegamiento, respectivamente, mientras el número de frutos en las plantas anegadas fue significativamente menor a los 40 dda cuando terminó la evaluación. La hipoxia radical en las plantas anegadas durante 8 y 12 días, redujo la producción de biomasa seca, especialmente en frutos y raíces, mientras la interacción 12-días-anegamiento y sombrío disminuyó la masa seca total de la planta. La planta de tomate, en general, parece estar adaptada al efecto de este tipo de sombrío. Con el aumento de la duración del anegamiento aparecieron síntomas como clorosis y caída de hojas basales, además de la epinastia y coloración roja foliar, así mismo la formación de raíces adventicias. Palabras clave adicionales: altura planta, número hojas, masa seca, sintomatología, epinastia, raíces adventicias.E l a n E g a m i E n t o a f E c ta c r E c i m i E n t o y p r o d u c c i ó n d E b i o m a s a E n t o m at E c h o n tAdditional key words: plant height, leaf number, dry mass, symptomatology, epinasty, adventitious roots. Fecha de recepción: 27-02-2014Aprobado para publicación: 03-06-2014 ABSTRACTWaterlogging and flooding stress have become major abiotic stress factors for the growth, development and productivity of crops. To study the effect of waterlogging on the chonto tomato long-life Roble F1 hybrid, an experiment was conducted in a plastic greenhouse, with and without black shade netting (with the 56.4% light reduction on a sunny day). Plastic pots (1 L capacity) were used with blond peat mixed with organic soil at a 1:1 proportion, which were waterlogged up to 4 cm above the substrate for 4, 8 and 12 days. The assessed variables included plant height, number of leaves and fruits, and dry biomass of the organs. The study showed that 4, 8, and 12 days of waterlogging reduced the plant height and num...
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