Spatial orientation skills of gymnasts have been investigated in the past, but their navigation skills have not been well described. For instance, little is known on their performance on triangle completion in the absence of vision. The question is whether gymnasts require less attention than non-gymnasts in executing this task. The aims were to study the impact of dual-task on triangle completion performance and reaction time, and to compare this effect in young adults with or without a gymnastic background. Participants were blindfolded and guided along the first two legs of a 5x5 m right angle triangle and then, independently turned and walked towards the origin of this triangle. After they had stopped, their foot position was marked on the floor and angular deviation and linear distance traveled were measured. In the dualtask, reaction time was gathered during the independent walk with participants responding verbally 'top' as fast as possible after a sound signal. Gymnasts were found to have smaller angular deviation and longer linear distance traveled than non-gymnasts. Both groups showed longer reaction time in dual-task compared to baseline in sitting and this increase was similar for both groups. The results suggest that gymnastics training improves the perception and control of direction. However, it does not modify perception of linear displacement, nor the attention required to execute the triangle completion task. In dual-task, other cognitive tasks requiring working memory might have had a larger impact on both navigation errors and cognitive task performance.
Objectives: Trauma resuscitations require competence in both clinical and nonclinical skills but these can be difficult to observe and assess. Multisource feedback (MSF) is workplace-based, involves the direct observation of learners, and can provide feedback on nonclinical skills. We sought to compare and contrast the priorities of multidisciplinary trauma team members when assessing resident trauma team captain (TTC) performance. Additionally, we aimed to describe the nature of the assessment and perceived the utility of incorporating MSF into the trauma context. Methods:A convenience sample of 10 trauma team activations were observed. Following each activation, the attending physician trauma team leader (TTL), TTC, and a registered nurse (RN) participated in a semistructured interview. MSF was not provided to the TTC for the purpose of this study because MSF was not part of the assessment process of TTCs at the time of this study and maintaining anonymity may have encouraged more honest interview responses. Transcripts from each assessor group (TTL, TTC, RN) were coded and assigned to one of the five crisis resource management skills: leadership, communication, situational awareness, resource utilization, and problem-solving. Comments were also coded as positive, negative, or neutral as interpreted by the coder.Results: All assessor groups mentioned communication skills most frequently. After communication, the RN and TTC groups commented on situational awareness most frequently, comprising 15 and 29% of their total responses, respectively, whereas 31% of the TTL comments focused on leadership skills. The RN and TTL groups provided positive assessments, with 51 and 42% of their respective comments coded as positive. Fortyfive percent of self-assessment comments in the TTC group were negative. All (100%) of the TTC and TTL respondents felt that incorporating MSF would add to the quality of feedback, only 66% of the RN group felt that way. Conclusions:We found that each assessor group brings a unique focus and perspective to the assessment of resident TTC performance. The future inclusion of MSF in the trauma team context has the potential to enhance the learning environment in a clinical arena that is difficult to directly observe and assess.M ultisource feedback (MSF) is one method that may complement a competency-based program of assessment because it is workplace-based and involves the direct observation of learners. 1 MSF provides varied perspectives and has been shown to provide valid, reliable, and comprehensive feedback in various contexts. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The resuscitation of a trauma patient requires a coordinated team-based approach. At many institutions, residents are responsible for leading trauma From the
Background: Individuals who have sustained a stroke can manifest altered locomotor steering behaviors when exposed to optic flows expanding from different locations. Whether these alterations persist in the presence of a visible goal and whether they can be explained by the presence of a perceptuo-motor disorder remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare stroke participants and healthy participants on their ability to control heading while exposed to changing optic flows and target locations.
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