Argentinian hemorrhagic Fever (AHF) is a febrile, acute disease caused by Junín virus (JUNV), a member of the Arenaviridae. Different approaches to obtain an effective antigen to prevent AHF using complete live or inactivated virus, as well as molecular constructs, have reached diverse development stages. This chapter refers to JUNV live attenuated vaccine strain Candid #1, currently used in Argentina to prevent AHF. A general standardized protocol used at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas (Pergamino, Pcia. Buenos Aires, Argentina) to manufacture the tissue culture derived Candid #1 vaccine is described. Intermediate stages like viral seeds and cell culture bank management, bulk vaccine manufacture, and finished product processing are also separately presented in terms of Production and Quality Control/Quality Assurance requirements, under the Adminitracion Nacional de Medicamentos, Alimentos y Tecnología Medica (ANMAT), the Argentine national regulatory authority.
Setif. Setif 1WW)O. Algeria. Sem from patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain xmantibodics to IgG. especially to the Fc fraction [ I I. These autoantibodies arc of IgM, IgG, IgA and IgE, but only IgM has agplutinant properties 121. Orhcr autoantibodies. such as antihistoncs. anti-poly(A) polymcrases, anti-collagen and anti-red blood cells. have bccn detected in such patients [ 1.31. High level of immune complexes were also reported [4.5].Hypergammaglobunaemia and hyperviscosity are often linked with rheumatoid arthritis 161 but not always as level of IgG and/or IpM could well be normal in some cases.In this study. we tested twelve patient sera (6 male and 6 females. aged between 3 0 and 45 years) with symptoms of arthritis. Level of IgG and IgM, determined by Manncini method, were compared to the titer of RF (IgM-RF) using both Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and latex npglutination test , The ELSA consists of coating the 96 well polystyrcne plates with purified human IgG (Sigma) and goat uiti-human IgM conjugated to horse radish pcroxidasc (Diagnostics. Pastcur) as second antibody. The latex test was carried out using Rapitcx RF kit (Bchring, Germany) where thc beads were coated with human IgG. The results from the two assays were compared. Results, represented in Table I , showed that 5 out of 12 (4 I .669,) of the tested samples were IgM-RF positive, below the positivity within a population with rheumatoid arthritis [ 6 ] which could well be due to the age of the patients 17). In fact.Aggawal and coworkers [ X I showed that only about 12 % of the 74 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were IgM-RF positif. Comparable results were obtained by the two methods used to detect 1gM-RF. Nine out of twelve of the patient sera tested present high level of IgM (> 2.0 mg/ml) of which a third were IgM-RF positive. Five out of twelve presented high level of IgG (> 20 mg/ml) with a fith (one sample) was IgM-RF positive. These results, despite the small number of samples, show no correlation between IgG and IgM levels ant IgM-RF titers.
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