Waste area ex-coal mining land is left without proper management and utilization. After analysis, ex-mining land material can be reused as road construction material by increasing mechanical properties. Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a soil improvement technique using microorganisms capable of altering and enhancing their mechanical and physical properties. In this study, an unconfined compressive test was used to see the effect of calcite precipitation on the behavior of the unconfined compressive strength of sand contaminated with coal. Variations in the concentration of Bacillus subtilis were applied as much as 3%, 4.5%, and 6% on sand contaminated with coal. The bacteria used were 3 days of culture was still in the stationary phase and 6 days of culture in the dead phase. After 28 days of curing, there is a significant increase in the UCS values of the MICP-stabilized soil compared to the untreated soil. The use of 3 days of bacterial culture was more effective in increasing the UCS value than 6 days of culture. At optimum conditions, the UCS value increased up to 15 times after the 28-day curing period. As a conclusion the ex-mining land material after treated with MICP using Bacillus subtilis, it can be reused and qualifies as a road construction material.
The performance of a mixed depends on a kinds and the quality of the materials in used.the agregated from the source or quarry in the different Performance of the mixtured will produce different too. the purpose of this research was fof to determine of the natural and caracterictics mixed AC wearing course if used stone split Long Ikis withsubtlegradations, that isdevotedto thenature ofstability and caracterictics or parameter of examination in the marshall.The presentation result of examination in agregate shows thevaluethat meets the specifications theabrasiontest results at 21,12% > 40%, The averagespecific gravity at > 2,5% and the averageabsorption at >3. of alltest resultsmarshall whichhas beenimplementedonly partiallymeet the requirements ofthe specification.It was important tonotethe value ofstability,flow, MarshallQuotient(MQ) fromThe third group of test objects can only value in the value flow partially ineligible Specifications Highways 2010 while the value ofstabilityandMarshallQuotient(MQ) meets specifications. The stabilityvaluewas1396Kgonasphalt contentat 6.0%. and the value in marshall quotient (MQ) the largestwas665Kg/mmat5.0%binder content. In theFlowqualifiedvaluespecification>3contained in theasphalt contentof 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5% and7.0%. While theresultsdidn't meetsthe specifications ofbitumen contentof 4.5%and 5.0%.Marshallparametersofthe test resultsonbitumen contentplan(Pb) obtainedthe value ofOptimumAsphaltContent(KAO) at 5.83%6.0%rounded. For theMarshallimmersionParameter at30minutesand24 hoursimmersionat 60 °Cstabilityvalues obtained1326kg and 1478kg, flow of 3.10mmand3.70mm, VMA17.3% and17.4%, VIM5.5% and 4.5%, VFA68.1% and74.8% and431kgMQ/mmand399kg/mm. has qualifiedspecifications.
One of the structural elements contained in buildings whose function is load bearing beam bending. Load supported include live load, load plate, heavy walls and his own heavy beams. Detained horizontal load is the force created by the earthquake and wind loads. Beams according to layout and function consisting of beam and joist. The goal in research was to determine the effect of the ratio of a (high block compressive stress) and d (effective height of the beam) to beam bending and acquiring dimensional concrete beam reinforcement single-section more effectively to the flexural strength and deformation of the ratio a (high beam compressive stress)/d (effective height of the beam). With the purposes of research to determine the effect of the ratio a/d beam to bending by type of beam collapse in accordance with SNI 2847-2002, then the model of the test object consists of a block of concrete the size 70x150x1200 mm. 3 specimen, concrete blocks the size 70x150x1400 mm. 3 specimen, concrete blocks the size 70x150x1600 mm. 3 specimen. The test results are analyzed to Vertical Load, Moment and Deformation. The influence of the ratio a/d to the reinforcement of concrete beam flexural strength of a single load (P), Moment (M) if the deformation is getting smaller, the greater the deflection. The greater the ratio a/d will make concrete beam flexural strength diminishing, it is seen from the average value of deformation decreases, so all the most optimal specimen is a model specimen BL.MM.1. The influence of the ratio a / d to the amount of deformation of the specimen visible BL.MM.1 with BL.MM.2, with the addition of the ratio a/d at 2:38 mm specimen is deformed by 0.038 mm. BL.MM.3 BL.MM.1 models with the addition of the ratio a/d of 4.76 mm specimen is deformed by 0.040 mm.
Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) adalah teknik perbaikan tanah dengan menggunakan mikroorganisme yang mampu mengubah dan meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan fisik. Dalam penelitian ini, uji geser langsung dengan mengacu pada standard SNI 03-3420-1994 digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengendapan calcite terhadap perilaku kuat geser tanah terkontaminasi batubara. Bakteri Bacillus subtilis sebanyak 6% ditambahkan ke dalam tanah yang terkontaminasi 5%, 10% dan 15% batubara. Bakteri yang digunakan menggunakan kultur 3 hari dimana berada pada fase stasioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan yang cukup baik terhadap nilai kohesi dan sudut geser dalam sebagai parameter kuat geser setelah masa pemeraman. Stabilisasi MICP pada tanah terkontaminasi 5% batubara meningkatkan kuat geser sebesar 3 kali lipat sedangkan pada tanah terkontaminasi 10% dan 15% batubara terjadi peningkatan kuat geser masing-masing sebesar 7 dan 15 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan tanah asli.
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