The purposes of this research is to analyze the influence of Musharakah, Murabaha, Ijara and ROA of Non Performing Financing in Islamic Banking in simultaneous and partial . The contribution of this research is to provide feedback to banking management on the company’s policy to be taken in connection with the implementation of bad credit. This study uses the design of causality. Methods of analysis using path analysis. Population used is the Islamic Business Banking in Indonesia. Saturated sampling is the technique that is used as a sampling technique. The unit of analysis is annual financial statement. The results of this study is only partially the three variables are found to significantly affect the Non Performing Financing, they are Murabaha contract, Ijara contract, and Return on Assets. As for Musharakah contract proved to be not significantly affected. Simultaneously the results showed the fourth variable fit or match the data. The findings of this study was that going concern business of the company is very risky. The company’s core business is measured from negative ROA. This means that the company is able to extend credit, but unable to convert the financing to be an advantage. It automatically will threaten the company’s existence.
Latar Belakang: Tax avoidance dianggap sebagai masalah utama, mengingat kompleksitas dan konsekuensi ekonominya. Tax avoidance yang dilakukan oleh wajib pajak, termasuk didalamnya Perusahaan, akan menyebabkan negara mengalami kerugian, karena pajak adalah sumber pendapatan negara, yang akan digunakan sebagai sumber pembiayaan atas pengeluaran negara. Jika banyak Perusahaan melakukan tax avoidance maka pendapatan negara yang bersumber dari pajak akan terpengaruh. Selain itu, tax avoidance mengakibatkan efek buruk terhadap reputasi suatu Perusahaan.Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan mengisi kesenjangan yang ada dengan menguji pengaruh tax avoidance terhadap tax risk serta melakukan analisis dampak penerapan corporate governance pada pengaruh tax avoidance terhadap tax risk.Metode Penelitian: Data sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan Perusahaan yang bergerak dalam industry manufaktur yang terdafat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2016 sampai 2020. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Moderating Regression Analysis.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas dari effective tax rate dan effective tax rate memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Studi ini memberikan bukti bahwa tax risk menurun ketika tingkat tax avoidance Perusahaan menurun, dan sebaliknya. Selain itu, kami menemukan bahwa semakin baik struktur corporate governance Perusahaan, semakin tinggi tingkat pengawasan dan pengendaliannya manajer, sehingga mengurangi dampak tax avoidance pada tax risk Perusahaan di masa depan. Temuan dari studi tentang tax avoidance dan corporate governance perusahaan ini penting bagi investor karena pajak merupakan risiko yang secara signifikan dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan investor.Keterbatasan Penelitian: Studi ini memiliki keterbatasan, diantaranya hanya berfokus pada industry manufaktur. Selain itu, studi ini hanya mempertimbangkan audit quality, komisaris independen serta komite audit sebagai pengukuran variabel corporate governance.Keaslian/Novetly Penelitian: Penelitian mengenai tax avoidance dan tax risk telah dilakukan, namun demikian terdapat inkonsistensi hasil penelitian-penelitian tersebut, oleh karena itu peneliti akan melakukan pengujian kembali terhadap variabel tersebut dalam kontek di Indonesia, yang diharapkan akan memberikan bukti baru apakah mendukung atau bertentangan dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Mengacu pada penelitian Choi dan Park (2022), pengukuran corporate governance yang digunakan adalah struktur komisaris independen, audit quality dan komite audit yang sebelumnya belum digunakan dan merupakan saran dari peneliti sebelumnya.
This research was conducted to analyze The Effect of Firm Size, Debt to Equity Ratio, Gross Profit Margin, and Operational Cost on Corporate Income Tax Burden either partially or simultaneously. The sampling method is purposive sampling. The number of samples used in this study were 10 pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a total sample of 50 data. The type of data is secondary data sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The findings of this study are based on the results of the t-test, it can be concluded that partially there is a negative influence between the ratio of DER to corporate income tax expenses and for operating costs, it partially has a positive effect on the burden of corporate income tax on pharmaceutical companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020. Partially, company size and gross profit margin have no effect on the burden of corporate income tax on pharmaceutical companies listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020. Based on the results of the F test, it is concluded that company size, DER, GPM and operating costs have a positive effect on corporate income tax expenses in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020.
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