<p>Paring children improve the chance for success and reduce injury in sport. Despite the maturity differences between children, chronological age remains the main criterion to equalize competition levels, but with limited efficiency. However, in Karate, weight is also considered. We went to investigate the association between chronological age and maturational indicators and find simple models to put on reflection new ways to assess the maturity. Data were collected in 54 young Karate practitioners (age: 12.67 ± 2.49 years, experience: 4.99 ± 2.44 years, height: 150.45 ± 15.25 cm, weight: 43.09 ± 14, 17 kg, 20 girls). Age correlated significantly with self-observation of sexual maturation (rho = 0.838; <em>p </em>< 0.01), and it was possible to find simple regression models that have a moderate explanation in maturation, using only simple measurable variables such as the height, weight and arm circumference. These results should lead the competent entities to reflect on the way of pairing of the athletes in the competitions, in a fair way in terms of maturation.</p>
<div><p>The number of children practicing karate is constantly increasing. It is necessary to provide correct information to the karate masters/coaches about this specific population, so they can properly develop karate training processes without causing any harm to practitioners but, on the contrary, contribute to the harmonious development of children and youths. This study was carried out with twenty-one prepubertal karate practitioners, male and female. They were analyzed on their maturational development, metabolic and energetic behavior in an incremental test until exhaustion. Only the energetic variables presented significant differences between gender, so it seems that the karate practice has a similar metabolic impact in the development of the prepubertal karate practitioners of both genders.</p></div>
A two streams system seems to exist for tactile perception. We asked kindergarten children to identify (semantic) and describe the function of grasped unseen instruments of their daily life (fork, knife, spoon, brush, toothbrush, pencil, and scissor), and then, to simulate its use (pragmatic). The capacity to describe the function of the set of instruments was significantly superior to that of identifying them by name, although there was a significant direct association between identification and description of the function in the responses to the set of instruments. The simulation of the instrument function was of two types: (i) use-the child simulated how the instrument is grasped and used; and (ii) incorporation-the child simulated the function of the instrument with her/his own hand. The results support the hypothesis of a two streams tactile system (semantic and pragmatic), and that kindergarten children have the ability to incorporate functional properties of instruments of their daily life, probably as a support for language development.
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