The authors of this study analyzed the economic and social advantages and limitations of working from (at) home in four countries of the Western Balkans - Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was carried out by applying an electronic survey on appropriate samples of 408 respondents from Serbia, 201 from Montenegro, 221 from North Macedonia and 201 from Bosnia and Herzegovina. For the research, a questionnaire consisting of 14 questions with answers in nominal form was created. The questions referred to several economic and social advantages and limitations of working from (at) home, starting with whether the respondents would recommend working from (at) home, the advantages of this work, the guidelines about establishing this type of business, whether to involve family members, what are the basic rules for a successful business from (at) home and performance evaluation, office organization, appearance and dress code, whether to engage in full-time or part-time work, the level of confidence of the owner in the business and earnings from year to year, the strategies used for this purpose, the most common problems and strategies for overcoming them, as well as practical advice to future entrepreneurs. In general, respondents from all four countries showed significantly more positive than negative attitudes toward working at (from) home, although there are noticeable and significant differences between countries. The main motives for working from home are flexible working hours and good earnings for all respondents. The respondents emphasized the importance of a well-designed business plan, but most have stereotypical strategies regarding the increase in performance. Also, they denied the importance of ergonomic rules for success, and in case of failure, they expect support and help from relatives and friends. There is a significant dose of ambivalence in business planning, making decisions about permanent or additional activities, and providing advice to others among the respondents. The main reasons should be sought in decreased and low-accumulative jobs (trade, providing of intellectual services, etc.) due to very limited initial investments. Respondents from Montenegro have the most psychosocial problems when working from (at) home and struggle with reconciling professional and family obligations with the least support from family and relatives. Respondents from North Macedonia are somewhat similar to them, although they are better positioned towards their families. The most successful and satisfied are the respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is the youngest population that is relatively mostly represented in the IT sector. Respondents from Serbia are most similar to respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of satisfaction, as well as in closeness to family members, relatives, and friends.
The design of mechanical components exposed to fatigue load, at a low number of cycles, requires knowledge of the behaviour of the material under the impact of variable load in conditions of controlled strain when cyclic plasticity is present. The aim of testing the quality of the material of the components exposed to low cycle fatigue (LCF) in many industries: nuclear, aerospace, mechanical, civil engineering and shipbuilding. In order to ensure the reliability and consistency of the results from different laboratories, it is necessary to collect all test data using test and data processing methodologies that are in accordance with a number of key points of ISO 12106:2017 and/or ASTM E 606-04 standards. This paper defines a new data processing methodology after the LCF testing of steel.
U ovoj studiji istraživana je povezanost porodičnih faktora rizika sa nastankom i razvojem zavisnosti od psihoaktivnih supstanci i bihevioralnih zavisnosti na reprezentativnim uzorcima od 3003 ispitanika iz Srbije i 1489 ispitanika iz Crne Gore. Pored opštih pitanja o socijalno-demografskim i socijalno-ekonomskim obilježjima, u istraživanju je korišćen inventar od 11 upitnika za 11 bihevioralnih zavisnosti sa ukupno 282 pitanja. U istraživanje su uključeni sledeći faktori rizika: nikotinizam i alkoholizam jednog ili oba roditelja, razdvajanje i razvod roditelja, duševna bolest, prostitucija, samoubistvo, ubistvo i kriminaltet među članovima roditeljskih porodica, preterana strogost, popustljivost, prezaštićivanje i odbacivanje od strane oca, preterana strogost, popustljivost, prezaštićivanje i odbacivanje od strane majke, ozbiljni sukobi sa jednim ili oba roditelja zbog nerazumevanja, zanemarivanje ili zlostavljanje ispitanika od strane jednog ili oba roditelja. Od psihoaktivnih supstanci u istraživanje smo uključili: zavisnost od duvana, zavisnost od alkohola, zavisnost od marihuane, zavisnost od opijata i zavisnost od psihostimulansa, a od bihevioralnih zavisnosti: zavisnost od video-igrica, zavisnost od televizije, zavisnost od Fejsbuka, zavisnost od ljubavnog partnera, zavisnost od rada, zavisnost od hrane, zavisnost od Interneta, zavisnost od seksa, zavisnost od mobilnih telefona, zavisnost od kocke i zavisnost od Internet seksa. U istraživanju su primenjeni t test i binarna logistička regresija. Nađena je visoka ili vrlo visoka povezanost između najvećeg broja porodičnih faktora rizika i zavisnosti od psihoaktivnih supstanci, odnosno bihevioralnih zavisnosti.
In this study, the authors analyzed the problematic use of pornographic websites and Internet sex addiction in representative samples of respondents from different age groups including 2948 respondents from Serbia and 1486 from Montenegro. A standard questionnaire of 33 questions with answers in binary form was used. In addition to epidemiological indicators, the study also included nine family risk factors and six risk factors associated with early psychosocial developmental disorders. Finally, the social profiles of Internet sex addicts in Serbia and Montenegro were described. The results of the research showed that Internet sex addicts are mostly young adults aged 20 to 30. The overall dependency rate was estimated within average limits. In general, Internet sex addiction is among the lowest of all behavioral addictions. The authors see the reason for this in the greatest potency of this addiction for the development of addictive patterns of behavior, but also in the great predictiveness of this addiction together with the gambling addiction for the emergence and development of other behavioral addictions. All examined risk factors (except for shyness and reticence) do "separate" Internet sex addicts from those who do not have the listed risk factors at zero level of significance. However, an examination of the prediction of Internet sex addiction using binary logistic regression showed that aggressive and criminal behaviors in early youth, followed by disorders in educational and emotional relations between parents and children, have the highest predictive values for Internet sex addiction. Social profiles are unclear and unstructured, and the authors explain this by the fact that biological, not sociological, and sociocultural factors play a dominant role in developing addictive patterns of behavior.
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