This paper describes a unilateral fusionof two mandibular teeth in an infant skeleton recoveredfrom the late Roman cemetery of Miroiço (Sintra,Portugal). Morphological and radiographic data wereused for the analysis and interpretation of this dentalanomaly. A brief review of the literature of present dayprimary dental fusion is presented. This report showsthat primary dental fusion was present in Portuguesepast populations, representing a contribution to thehistory of dental anomalies.

This paper details an unusual morphology detected in two right foot bones, the calcaneus and navicular bone, of an adult female skeleton exhumed from the Late Roman cemetery of Miroiço (Sintra, Portugal). This anomaly seems to represent a case of unilateral non-osseous calcaneonavicular coalition. Tarsal coalitions are anatomical anomalies occasionally described in clinical and rarely in archeological samples. The present case appears to be the second earliest case reported of non-osseous calcaneonavicular coalition for European osteological samples and adds to the very few archeological case descriptions available.