Hydrate formation apparatus reported so far was mainly concentrated in stirred-tank batch environments. It was difficult to produce the high gas storage hydrate efficiently. Some nonstirred technology has been attracting more attention by researchers. This work proposed a new apparatus for hydrate formation by spraying water into a gaseous phase with a fine nozzle. It can get sufficient contact surface area for gas-liquid reaction. Methane hydrate formation experiments have been conducted using pure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution for comparison at 277.15 K. The experiments were conducted at 7.0 and 6.0 MPa, respectively. Kinetics of methane hydrate formation have been investigated by methane consumption per mole of water and reaction rate. The mechanism of hydrate formation and kinetics property by spraying atomization were studied with the theory of crystal chemistry.
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Internet of Things (IOT) is usually complicated and heterogeneous, in which the different sensor networks are difficult to interconnect each other, and leads to that the efficient sharing and reusing of resource is difficult to implement. Aiming at this problem, a sensing network element ontology description model for internet of thing has been proposed in this paper, in which semantics and ontology technologies are used to describe the sensing device and its capability in internet of things. Firstly, a general sensing network element ontology description framework has been built, then the primary classes and their hierarchy have been defined, and the concepts and their relationships are described. Moreover, as an emphasis, those modules and relationships which are directly related to sensor module are built. Our works will provide the semantics for sensing devices and sensory data, by which sensing network elements in internet of things can be automatically discovered and interacted.
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