Designing suitable material systems to construct artificial synapses and exploring novel synaptic functions is a crucial step toward the realization of efficient large-scale bioinspired neuromorphic systems. In this work, flexible and insoluble bio-memristor devices are fabricated by precisely engineering the molecular structures of wool keratin. This flexible Ag/ keratin/indium tin oxide-polyethylene naphthalate synaptic device possesses enhanced mechanical resistance, which is achieved by photocross-linking keratin molecules, and can withstand a bending radius of up to 1.2 mm. This device is promising for implantable applications because it is water-resistant. When modulated by triangle-wave DC voltages and pulsed voltages, this flexible electronic device emulates typical memristor characteristics and synaptic functions, including potentiation/depression, spike timing dependent plasticity, and long-term/short-term plasticity. Simulation results indicate that a memristor network made by this woolkeratin based device has ≈95.8% memory learning accuracy and capability for pattern learning. Combined, these features prove that the cross-linked wool-keratin based device has potential in wearable and flexible neuron computing systems.
The biomimetic route to inorganic synthesis presents an opportunity to produce complex materials with superior properties under ambient conditions and from nontoxic precursors. While there has been significant progress in using solid-binding peptides (SBPs), proteins, and organisms to produce a variety of inorganic and hybrid structures, it has been more challenging to understand the interplay of solution conditions and solid-binding peptide (SBP) sequence, structure, and self-association on synthetic outcomes. Here, we show that fusing the Car9 silica-binding peptidebut not the silaffin-derived R5 peptideto superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) enhances the ability of micromolar concentrations of protein to induce rapid titania (TiO2) precipitation from acidified solutions of tetrakis(di-lactato)-oxo-titanate (TiBALDH). TiO2 is produced stoichiometrically and although predominantly amorphous, contains nanosized anatase and monoclinic TiO2(B) inclusions. Remarkably, the phase of these nanocrystallites can be tuned from about 80% TiO2(B) to about 65% anatase by using Car9 mutants impaired in their ability to drive the formation of higher-order sfGFP-Car9 oligomers. Our results suggest that the presentation of multiple basic side chains in an extended plane formed by SBP self-association is critical to template the formation of monoclinic crystallites and underscore the subtle influence that single or dual substitutions in dodecameric SBPs can exert on the yield and crystallinity of biomineralized inorganics.
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