BackgroundVitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder that affects approximately 0.5–2% of the world's population, and 25% of cases begin before 10 years of age. Although prevalent, there are few studies on the characterization of childhood vitiligo.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of childhood vitiligo.MethodsTransverse study conducted by reviewing data records of patients under the age of 18 in which disease onset occurred before 13 years of age.ResultsPredominance of females (62%). The most common subtype was generalized vitiligo (53.8%). The average age of disease onset was 5.9 years. The most affected initial site was head/neck (44.22%). The Koebner phenomenon was present in 38.2%, emotional triggering factors in 67.0% of the patients, halo nevus in 17.4%, and associated autoimmune disease in 6.5% of the patients. Family history of vitiligo was observed in 16.9% of the patients, and stability was reported by 20.1% of patients. The presence of positive family history did not significantly influence the age of onset. We found a significant difference between segmental vitiligo (SV) and nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) regarding the age of onset, Koebner phenomenon, hypothyroidism, anti‐TPO antibodies, family history of psoriasis, and halo nevus.ConclusionChildhood vitiligo has its own characteristics. Vitiligo different subtypes have distinct characteristics. Our study presents a great number of patients, helping to elucidate the peculiarities of childhood vitiligo in the Brazilian population.
Acrokeratoelastoidosis is a type of palmoplantar keratoderma first described by Oswaldo Gonçalves Costa, a Brazilian Dermatologist from the state of Minas Gerais. It is a rare autosomal-dominant genodermatosis; however it may occur sporadically. The disease is not congenital; rather, its onset occurs in childhood or adolescence. Clinically, the condition is characterized by multiple yellowish papules, sometimes glossy and keratotic, measuring approximately 2-4 mm in diameter, sometimes umbilicated, and located symmetrically on the sides of the hands and feet, symmetry being the most typical sign. The most common histopathological findings are hyperkeratosis, mild acanthosis and elastorrhexis, as revealed by orcein staining.
OBJETIVOS: As desordens do desenvolvimento cortical (DDC) constituem a segunda causa de epilepsia refratária. Diversas patologias estão incluídas nas DDC. Seu diagnóstico foi facilitado com o desenvolvimento na neuroimagem. MÉTODOS: No presente artigo, apresentamos sete casos divididos em três grupos, de acordo com o mecanismo de produção das DDC: 1) anormalidades da proliferação e diferenciação de neurônios da glia; 2) anormalidades de migração neuronal; 3) anormalidades na organização neuronal. A investigação consistiu em história mais exame neurológico, avaliação neuropsicológica, ressonância magnética e eletrencefalograma. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Três pacientes apresentaram displasia cortical focal, dois apresentaram heterotopia em banda, um paciente apresentava lisencefalia e uma apresentava esquizencefalia. Todos os pacientes apresentavam epilepsia de difícil controle. Malformações corticais constituem um grupo heterogêneo de causas de epilepsia de difícil controle. É importante para o manejo médico que as diversas formas de malformações corticais sejam conhecidas e diagnosticadas, o que foi facilitado pelo advento da ressonância magnética.
Psoríase é uma doença crônica, imuneinflamatória com prevalência de 1 a 2% na população pediátrica. 1 A presença de lesões na pele pode significar um fator de baixa da autoestima e/ou dificuldade de convivência nas atividades escolares e sociais, causando impacto na qualidade de vida que pode ser significativo. Neste trabalho, será realizada uma revisão sobre psoríase na infância, considerando os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, comorbidades associadas e terapêutica.
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