Abstract:The odor-active volatile compounds of yellow tamarillo fruit (S. betaceum Cav.) were identified and quantified by using a sensomics approach, combining a gentle volatile extraction (solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE)), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and sensory analyses (gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA)). The medium-term purpose of this work is to evaluate the change of odor-active volatiles during processing. Thus, (Z)-3-hexenal, hexanal, and ethyl butanoate were identified as key aroma compounds of yellow tamarillo. The C 6 -aliphatic compounds, aliphatic esters, and terpenols were characterized as the volatiles responsible for the herbal-green, fruity, and fresh-mint odor notes of this variety, respectively. Additionally, one non-volatile compound contributing to the residual bitter taste of this fruit was isolated by a bioguided (taste sensory analyses) fractionation. The freeze-dried fruit was sequentially liquid-liquid partitioned with solvents of different polarity, and then the ethyl acetate fraction was submitted to size exclusion chromatography. Then, its structure was elucidated as rosmarinic acid, by using common spectroscopic methods (mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)). The amount of rosmarinic acid was quantified as 46.17 ± 1.20 mg/100 g of dried fruit, by the external standard method. Its bitter taste threshold value was determined by using the 3AFC (alternative forced choice) method to be 37.00 ± 1.25 mg/L.
<p align="left">El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto de las variables proporción de aceite, proporción de aroma, proporción de emulsificante y presión de operación del emulsificador, en el comportamiento reológico de un aroma emulsificado, utilizando un viscosímetro de cilindros concéntricos. El diseño experimental fue un factorial fraccionado, con dos niveles para cada variable, fraccionamiento de 1/2 y cuatro ensayos en el punto central con el fin de estimar el error; el número total de ensayos y por ende formulaciones de las emulsiones fue de 12. Las variables respuesta fueron los índices de consistencia y de fluidez del modelo reológico de la ley de potencia. Las mediciones reológicas fueron bien correlacionadas por el modelo elegido y las magnitudes del índice de fluidez inferiores a uno (1) mostraron un comportamiento pseudoplástico de las emulsiones. Adicionalmente se efectuaron las pruebas de estabilidad acelerada a 50 ºC y centrifugación para las emulsiones; las formulaciones con bajo contenido de aceite fueron estables. Análisis sensoriales efectuados para los aromas estables frente a muestras sometidas a 20 ºC no mostraron diferencias perceptibles.</p>
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