Postoperative ileus is one of the most important and common complications after abdominal surgery. This single-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of oral pyridostigmine (60 mg) on the duration and frequency of response to the treatment of ileus after abdominal surgery on 40 patients in two 20-subject groups of oral pyridostigmine (interventional) and starch (control) in 2015. All 40 people completed the study process and entered the final analysis. In the oral Pyridostigmin group (60 mg) the mean response time for the disposal of gas and stool were 5.4 ± 4.7 h and 4.9 ± 3.4 h, respectively. Most of the participants 10 (50%) (Disposal of stool) responded to treatment 4 h after the administration of oral pyridostigmine. In the starch group, the mean response time for the disposal of gas and stool were 32.4 ± 9.9 h and 36.2 ± 10.3 h, respectively. The mean treatment response time in two groups showed a significant difference between both groups (p = 0.001). Regarding the frequency of response to treatment (disposal of gas or stool) in the 24-h period after the initiation of treatment in the oral pyridostigmine group, 95% (n = 19) of the subjects responded to the treatment in the first 24 h. However, in the starch group, only 50% (n = 10) responded to treatment in the first 24 h, the results showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.001). The results indicate that oral pyridostigmine can be used as a simple and effective treatment for gastrointestinal ileus.
Background: Zinc (Zn) and Selenium (Se) are trace minerals that have high anti-cancer and chemopreventive properties. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the serum levels of both elements in women with breast cancer (BC) compared with control group and the correlation of them with risk factors of BC. Methods: In a case-control study, 142 women with BC and 158 healthy controls, aged 19 to 88 years, were selected. Both groups did not use any type of supplement 3 months before participation in the study; there was no history of chronic kidney or liver disease or malabsorption disorders among the participants and body mass index was between 18.5 and 30 based on Quetelet index. The Se by graphite furnace and Zn by flame were atomized and the amount of each of 2 elements was measured and recorded by the Absorption device.
Background: Tramadol is a weak synthetic opioid with an effective analgesic result. This medicine has both systemic and local anesthetic effects on peripheral nerve system. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare post-appendectomy analgesic effect of subcutaneous injection of tramadol with normal saline. Patients and Methods: This double blind study was conducted on 60 patients over 15 years old, who were randomly divided in two equal groups, i.e. tramadol and normal saline. After repairing fascia in appendectomy, 100 mg of tramadol that was diluted up to 10 mL and 10 mL normal saline were used for subcutaneously injection around the surgical wound in experimental and control groups, respectively. Then, the intensity of pain was recorded in the recovery room, and 6 and 24 hours after operation, based on NRS. In addition, number of petidine (with a dosage of 25 milligram) administered in the same period, in case of severe and moderate pain, was recorded. At the end, the intensity of pain during the mentioned time and the average use of petidine in two groups were compared. Results: The average of severe pain in recovery time (3.08 ± 1.44 versus 5.36 ± 2.02), 6 (3.36 ± 1.22 versus 5.36 ± 1.38) and 12 (2.08 ± 0.76 versus 3.08 ± 1.15) hours after operation was lower in tramadol group (P = 0.0001). Moreover, the amount of consumed petidine in the same period of time showed a clear reduction (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Subcutaneous injection of tramadol is an appropriate choice for reduction of post-appendectomy pain and decreasing need for potent narcotic painkillers. This treatment method can decrease side effects of using potent narcotics after appendectomy.
Background and Aim: Anal surgery is relatively common, and rarely is performed as an outpatient opration procedure due to concerns about postoperative pain. The present study aimed to compare the effects of rectal acetaminophen and diclofenac suppositories on pain control after anal surgery (hemorrhoidectomy) in adult patients. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted in Zahedan in 2013 and included 70 patients who underwent hemorrhoidectomy. The patients were divided into two groups, one group received rectal acetaminophen and the other one used diclofenac suppositories. Pain intensity was measured by visual analogve score system at different time intervals (0, 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours). Data were analyzed by relevant statistical test. Results: Pain intensity at different times in the study was significantly lower in the diclofenac suppository group compared to that in the acetaminophen suppository group. The mean time intervals needed for drug administration in the diclofenac group was 183.14 ± 26.98 minutes and 166.85 ± 27.30 minutes in the acetaminophen group; therefore, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Diclofenac suppository showed a better analgesic effect than acetaminophen suppository in post-hemorrhoidectomy pain management. Use of diclofenac suppositories can have more satisfactory results in reducing postoperative pain.
Background: Tramadol is a weak synthetic opioid with an effective analgesic result. This medicine has both systemic and local anesthetic effects on peripheral nerve system. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare post-appendectomy analgesic effect of subcutaneous injection of tramadol with normal saline. Patients and Methods: This double blind study was conducted on 60 patients over 15 years old, who were randomly divided in two equal groups, i.e. tramadol and normal saline. After repairing fascia in appendectomy, 100 mg of tramadol that was diluted up to 10 mL and 10 mL normal saline were used for subcutaneously injection around the surgical wound in experimental and control groups, respectively. Then, the intensity of pain was recorded in the recovery room, and 6 and 24 hours after operation, based on NRS. In addition, number of petidine (with a dosage of 25 milligram) administered in the same period, in case of severe and moderate pain, was recorded. At the end, the intensity of pain during the mentioned time and the average use of petidine in two groups were compared. Results: The average of severe pain in recovery time (3.08 ± 1.44 versus 5.36 ± 2.02), 6 (3.36 ± 1.22 versus 5.36 ± 1.38) and 12 (2.08 ± 0.76 versus 3.08 ± 1.15) hours after operation was lower in tramadol group (P = 0.0001). Moreover, the amount of consumed petidine in the same period of time showed a clear reduction (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Subcutaneous injection of tramadol is an appropriate choice for reduction of post-appendectomy pain and decreasing need for potent narcotic painkillers. This treatment method can decrease side effects of using potent narcotics after appendectomy.
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