This article characterizes hypersensitivity reactions during anesthetic-surgical procedures.This integrative literature review was conducted in the LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE and MEDLINE databases including papers published from 1966 to September 2011. A total of 17 case reports, two prevalence studies and one cohort study were identified. Latex reactions were mainly type III and the primary source of intraoperative reaction was latex gloves. The average time for clinical manifestation was 59.8 minutes after anesthetic induction; 44.4% of patients reported a reaction to latex at the pre-anesthetic evaluation. It was determined that the history of allergic reactions to latex obtained in the pre-anesthetic evaluation does not ensure the safety of patients if the staff is inattentive to the severity of the issue. There is also a tendency to initially attribute the anaphylactic event to the anesthetic drugs.Descriptors: Nursing; Latex Hypersensitivity; Perioperative Care; Review. Hipersensibilidad al latex en el peri-operatório: una revisión integradora de la literaturaEste estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las reacciones de hipersensibilidad al látex en la anestesia. Ha sido realizada una revisión integradora de la literatura en LILACS, CINAHL, COCHRANE y MEDLINE, con una selección de artículos publicados en periódicos indexados de 1966 hasta septiembre 2011. Fueron identificados 17 casos clínicos, 2 estudios de prevalencia y 1 de la cohorte. Las reacciones al látex fueron en su mayoría del tipo III y la principal fuente de reacción intra-operatoria fue el contacto con los guantes de látex. El tiempo medio hasta la aparición de respuesta fue de 59.8 minutos después de la inducción, 44,4% de los pacientes informaron una reacción al látex en el periodo pre-anestésico. La historia de reacciones alérgicas al látex en el periodo preanestésico no garantiza la seguridad de los pacientes si el profesional no está atento a la gravedad del problema. Al principio, se tiende a atribuir que el efecto de la anafilaxia se debe a los medicamentos anestésicos.
Objectives: to analyze the average direct cost of PICC insertion by nurses. Methods: this is a unique case study with a quantitative approach. The observation took place in a public hospital, collecting information on inputs used and procedure length. For the calculation of costs, time was multiplied by nurses’ costs plus supplies. The US dollar was used to present the calculations. In the analysis, descriptive statistics of measures of central tendency and variability were used. Results: the sample corresponded to 139 observations. The average cost of PICC insertion totaled US$286.04, with 90.8% of materials, mainly catheter, and 9.2% of the labor. The procedure took an average of 50 minutes, at US$0.26 per minute for nurses. Conclusions: the average direct cost of PICC insertion was US$286.04, with emphasis on the catheter. The results can support management decisions for adequate material and professional sizing.
RESUMO A teleconsulta pode ser definida como uma prática avançada de enfermagem que requer do enfermeiro raciocínio clínico fundamentado em um arcabouço teórico consistente para aplicação no processo de enfermagem. No presente estudo, realizou-se uma análise teórico-reflexiva, fundamentada no Modelo de Adaptação de Callista Roy e na Teoria de Transição de Chick-Meleis, sobre a contribuição da teleconsulta como prática avançada de enfermagem no atendimento a pacientes idosos e com doenças crônicas no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. A reflexão é apresentada em dois momentos: “teorias de enfermagem e o enfrentamento da covid-19” e “formas de adaptação a novos modelos de assistência e as práticas avançadas em enfermagem”, norteados pelas tecnologias de comunicação e informação. O agravamento da pandemia no Brasil trouxe mudanças relacionadas aos ciclos de vida, aos processos saúde/doença e organizacionais, demandando o desenvolvimento de um estado adaptativo-transacional por parte dos usuários e profissionais de saúde. Neste contexto, as tecnologias da informação e comunicação aliadas à prática avançada de enfermagem representam papel fundamental para atenuar o distanciamento social e suas repercussões na assistência à saúde.
Introduction: Central venous catheterization is characterized by positioning a vascular device whose end reaches the final third of the superior vena cava, regardless of the insertion site. Most patients with cardiopulmonary diseases are elective for its implementation, for presenting a fragile peripheral venous network and need for prolonged infusion solutions. However, this procedure presents invasive character associated with complications. Aim: Analyze the complications related to the use of non-tunneled semi-implantable central venous catheter. Methods: A prospective cohort study (6 months) conducted in intensive care units and medicalsurgical clinics from the Heart Institute of the Medicine Course in University of São Paulo (USP), in adult patients with cardiopulmonary diseases in using peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) or double lumen catheter (CDL), the daily observation of the catheter until its withdrawal or hospital discharge, associated with access to medical records for information on the patient and the catheter conditions. Study variables related to morbidity and demographics data, catheter insertion, use and maintenance, complications related to the use of catheter, catheter removal. Anlysis: Measures of central tendency and variability, chi-square test or Mann-Whitney test for qualitative data, student's t-test and ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test to compare means. Results: There was a predominance of CDL, used in 127 (67.2%) cases, and the PICC in 62 (32.8%). As of the catheters, 55 (43.3%) CDL and 21 (37.0%) PICC had some type of complication. There was a statistical difference (p = 0.017) among the complications according to the types of PICC, being it higher in the open ended ones. There were differences between the complications according to the insertion sites, however, with no statistical difference (p = 0.479). Obstruction occurred in only 3.9% (5) of the CDL, while in PICCs it was present in 11.3% (7) of the cases. The phlebitis grade 1 was present in 23 (18.1%) cases of CDL and 10 (16.1%) cases of PICC. The purulent exudate in the CDL was observed in 9 (7.0%) cases while in PICC was present in only 1 (1.6%) device. The manifestation was present only in the CDL, occurring in 9 (7%) cases. The suspicion of thrombosis was seen in 3 (4.8%) PICC being confirmed in only 1 (1.6%) of them, as well as the rupture present in only 1 (1.6%) PICC. The CDL length of stay was 8.8 (± 6.8) days on average (median 8) ranging from 1 to 38 days. In the case of PICC, it averaged 19.4 (± 21) days (median 14) and ranged 1-141 days. The suspected infection was the majority, being present in CDL in 30 (23.6%) cases and in PICC in 9 (14.5%). In only 1 (2.6%) CDL a bloodstream infection associated with the catheter was confirmed, with tipped catheter and positive blood culture for Chryseobacterium indologenes. Conclusion: The suspected infection was the complication with highest incidence, but confirmed in only one of the cases. There was no statistical difference between the densities of incidence of com...
Teleconsultation can be classified as an advanced practice nursing that requires nurses’ clinical reasoning based on a consistent theoretical framework to use in the nursing process. Our study conducted a theoretical-reflective analysis, based on Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing and Chick-Meleis’ Transition Theory, about the contribution of teleconsultation as an advanced practice nursing in the care of older adults with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. We reflect on this in two moments: “nursing theories and dealing with COVID-19” and “ways of adapting to new care models and advanced practice nursing,” based on communication and information technologies. The worsening of the pandemic in Brazil changed life cycles, health/disease and organizational processes, demanding the development of an adaptive-transactional state by users and health care providers. Thus, information and communication technologies combined with advanced practice nursing can relieve social distancing and its repercussions on health care.
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