Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the yield and the physical quality of the yellow passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’ as a function of the within-row plant spacing, with saline irrigation water in consecutive growing seasons. Study Design: The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks, with four replicates and 12 plants per parcel, in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, referring to the spacing in the planting lines of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m, and two consecutive growing seasons. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was developed in the municipality of Coronel Ezequiel, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil, within the months of April 2013 and October 2014. Methodology: The seedings were transplanted in the spacings of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m, and distant 2 m within lines according to the treatments; they were conducted in a vertical shoot position (VSP) training system, and daily irrigated during the arid period with saline water (ECiw = 3.4 dS m-1). The following characteristics were evaluated: fruit yield, fruit mass, longitudinal and transversal fruit diameter, pulp yield, peel mass and peel thickness. Results: The interaction between spacing and growing season exercised a significant effect on the fruit yield, longitudinal fruit diameter, pulp yield, thickness and mass of the peel (P = .05). The variables transversal diameter and fruit mass only varied within the growing seasons (P = .05). The plants cultivated in the 3 m spacing were the most productive in the two seasons, with 23.7 and 36.3 t ha-1, in the first and second seasons, respectively. Conclusion: The highest yield of the yellow passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’ was obtained in the smaller plant spacing in the lines. Except for the pulp yield, the yield and physical quality of the fruits were superior in the second growing season. The irrigation with highly saline water, in this type of soil, did not compromise the productive ability of the passion fruit accession ‘Guinezinho’.
The lack of water during crop growth causes damage to any production system, especially when it occurs during the initial establishment or beginning of the reproductive stage. Although cotton can be properly managed in regions with water limitation, its yield is affected at different levels according to the genetics of the cultivar adopted. Exogenous application of some organic components has shown a stress-mitigating effect and can be a valuable procedure to enhance the yield of water stress-sensitive cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the benefits of exogenous application of pyruvic acid (100 µM) in cotton plants under water deficit varying the phenological stage of the crop. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where the plants were grown in pots and subjected to seven days of water suspension, initiated individually in stages V2 and B1. Each pot contained two plants. The treatments adopted were: T1 - control, T2 - water suppression; and T3 - water suppression + pyruvate application. The design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3 × 3) with three replicates. The reductions in gas exchange and growth of the cultivars BRS Seridó, CNPA 7MH and FM 966 were more significant in the reproductive stage, especially for FM 966, which was more sensitive. Pyruvate application reduced the effects of water suppression on boll production by 31% in BRS Seridó and 34% in CNPA 7MH and FM 966.
O uso de águas com alto teor de sais constitui sério problema na formação de mudas e estabelecimento do maracujazeiro em diferentes áreas da região nordeste, a qual é considerada bastante expressiva na produção do maracujazeiro amarelo. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, avaliar a produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo em resposta a salinidade da água de irrigação. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação. Foram estudados 5 tratamentos, constituídos de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2 e 4,0 dS m-1), distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 12 repetições, e uma planta por parcela, totalizando 60 unidades experimentais. O efeito dos tratamentos foram avaliados mediante análise de crescimento, das trocas gasosas e da fluorescência da clorofila a. A irrigação com água de condutividade elétrica acima de 0,8 dS m-1 afetou negativamente o crescimento do maracujazeiro cv. Redondo Amarelo aos 40 dias após a semeadura. A irrigação com água de 4,0 dS m-1 comprometeu as trocas gasosas e a fluorescência da clorofila a, além de reduzir a taxa de transporte de elétrons da mudas de maracujazeiro.
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