Wing‐to‐wing coupling mechanisms synchronize motions of insect wings and minimize their aerodynamic interference. Albeit they share the same function, their morphological traits appreciably vary across groups. Here the structure–material–function relationship of wing couplings of nine castes and species of Hymenoptera is investigated. It is shown that the springiness, robustness, and asymmetric behavior augment the functionality of the coupling by reducing stress concentrations and minimizing the impacts of excessive flight forces. A quantitative link is established between morphological variants of the coupling mechanisms and forces to which they are subjected. Inspired by the coupling mechanisms, a rotating‐sliding mechanical joint that withstands tension and compression and can also be locked/unlocked is fabricated. This is the first biomimetic research of this type that integrates approaches from biology and engineering.
Mobility and support are two structural properties that are often mutually exclusive. However, combining them could enhance the performance of mechanical components, and offer novel technical applications. Here through the implementation of a bioinspired interlocking mechanism in the design of a supportive, yet mobile, wrist splint, we tackled the conflicting combination of the two properties. We elaborated our design into a technology readiness level and, using 3D printing, directly converted it into a real-life application. In contrast to the existing splints, our bioinspired splint supports human wrist without impairing its movements. Hence, it can be used to prevent hyperextension injuries without hindering wrist function. By being interlocked at the maximum wrist extension, our splint could be an ideal wrist support for athletes, especially weightlifters. By restricting the wrist mobility, it could also be used as a support device to treat less severe medical issues, such as sprain, strain, or even for the recovery after cast removal, during which full immobilization may result in muscle atrophy. Our design strategy is purely structural; hence, it can be easily modified and implemented in other engineering applications. The simple, yet efficient, solution developed in this study offers a universal paradigm for developing engineering systems that pursuit both mobility and support.
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