This study investigates the effect of the type of solar cell technology used on its outcomes degradation when dust accumulates on it. Therefore, in this study, practical tests were performed on the physical properties of accumulated dust in the University of Technology Campus-Iraq for a period of three months. After that, a practical study examined the effect of the type of photovoltaic unit used on the decrease in current, voltage, and energy resulting from the accumulation of this dust with specific mass fractions. The comparison was made between the Amorphous, Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline, and Organic PV modules. The accumulation of dust causes significant decreases in current and has a limited effect on the voltages of all modules studied, as a result, the electric power generated decrease from all the studied photovoltaic modules due to the accumulation of dust. The accumulation of dust had the greatest effect on the Amorphous PV cell, followed by polycrystalline, monocrystalline and finally organic at 42%, 36.3%, 32.9% and 25.7%, respectively. The study demonstrated that the best option is to use monocrystalline cells for the university site. The study also concluded that the choice of any PV technology for a station at any site should be preceded by a study of the effect of dust in that location in order to favor any technique that must be applied. Keywords: Dust accumulation; Amorphous, polycrystalline, monocrystalline; organic; PV module
This paper aims to determine the thermal conductivity for two types of functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNT “Taunit M”) nanofluids. FCNT1 and FCNT2 have been used to enhance the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. Six concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.1 wt.% loading of FCNT1 and three concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 wt.% loading of FCNT2 have been used in this experiment. The experiments were achieved at temperatures 40°C. The technique for measuring thermal conductivity was described and manufactured at Tambov State Technical University. As a result of the study, the effect of increasing concentrations of FCNTs in the aqueous medium on thermal conductivity was presented. The relationship was nonlinear in FCNT1. The maximum enhancement thermal conductivity was 11.6 and 7.1% loading FCNT1 and FCNT2 respectively, which achieved at a weight fraction of 0.05 and 0.1 % respectively. Finally, the latest researches in this field were presented for comparison in the results obtained.
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