We aimed to assess depressive symptoms in caregivers of patients with dementia, taking into account variables such as severity of dementia, sex, age, and financial state of the patient. We recruited 222 caregivers of patients with dementia from King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Alzheimer’s Disease Association, and online, from February to June 2017, and employed the Patient Health Questionnaire to assess depression, and the Blessed Dementia Scale to assess severity of dementia. The prevalence of clinical depression among the caregivers was 14.9%. Minimal symptoms of depression were experienced by 96 caregivers (43.2%), moderate by 45 (20.3%), moderate-severe by 15 (6.8%), and severe by 8 (3.6%). Forty-six patients had mild dementia (22%), 73 had moderate (34.9%), and 90 had severe (43.1%). Caregivers of patients with dementia experience considerable burden and lower level of health-related quality of life and may be predisposed to developing clinical depression.
Community Pharmacists are the most accessible health care providers who can help pregnant women with their medications use there are still gaps in knowledge where educational interventions are needed.
Ewing's sarcoma is a primary bone cancer that mainly affects the long bones. This malignancy is particularly common in pediatric patients. Primary cranial involvement accounts for 1% of cases, with occipital involvement considered extremely rare. In this case study, primary occipital Ewing's sarcoma with a posterior fossa mass and subsequent relapse resulting in spinal seeding is reported. A 3-year-old patient presented with a 1-year history of left-sided headaches, localized over the occipital bone with progressive torticollis. Computed tomography (CT) imaging showed a mass in the left posterior fossa compressing the brainstem. The patient then underwent surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Two years later, the patient presented with severe lower back pain and urinary incontinence. Whole-spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) seeding from the L5 to the S4 vertebrae. Primary cranial Ewing's sarcoma is considered in the differential diagnosis of children with extra-axial posterior fossa mass associated with destructive permeative bone lesions. Although primary cranial Ewing's sarcoma typically has good prognosis, our patient developed metastasis in the lower spine. Therefore, with CNS Ewing's sarcoma, screening of the entire neural axis should be taken into consideration for early detection of CSF seeding metastasis in order to decrease the associated morbidity and mortality.
When comparing the three methods of provisional cement cleaning from metal cores, airborne-particle abrasion resulted in the highest bond strength for cast crowns.
Objectives:To assess the basic knowledge on obstetric brachial plexus injury among obstetricians, pediatricians, and physio-/occupational therapists in major hospitals in Riyadh. We aimed to identify if inadequate knowledge is the reason behind delayed referrals to the Hand Clinic.Methods:This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted at 5 major hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between June 2015 and August 2015. A questionnaire of 6 questions (multiple choice closed-ended questions) was given to obstetricians, pediatricians, and physio-/occupational therapists’ in these selected hospitals. The total score out of 6 was categorized as good, adequate, and inadequate knowledge if the score is 5-6, 3-4, and less than 3; respectively. The data were analyzed with Chi-square, fisher exact, Analysis of Variance, and Post-hoc tests where appropriate.Results:A total of 323 subjects participated in the study. For positions, the best mean score (for all 6 questions) was scored by consultants and the score was only 2.95 out of 6. For hospitals, Hospital IV scored the best mean score (2.99). The mean scores were not significantly different between different specialties.Conclusion:Inadequate knowledge seems to be a reason for delayed referrals of cases of obstetric brachial plexus injury to Hand Clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.