The age of peak competitive performance is particularly important as the entire sports career in each sport is planned on its basis. Depending on the sport and gender of the athlete, the age of peak competitive performance varies considerably. The objective of the study - to determine the age indicators of the wrestlers who participated in the World Championships, depending on the place taken and the weight group. We have studied 332 sports careers of the freestyle and Greko-Roman male wrestlers from 1st to 8th ranks who participated in the World Championships 2017, 2018 and 2019. The following indicators are analyzed: the average age, the average age of the international career start, the average age of first success and the proportion of athletes who achieved success at junior level. Results. The average age of the wrestlers is 26.5 ± 3.6 years: the medalists are slightly younger – 26.3 ± 3.4 years, and non-medalists are older than 26.7 ± 3.8 years. The analysis of the distribution of the age of peak competitive performance of athletes-medalists has shown the following results: there are 67.7 % of medalist among the athletes who are 22-28 years old, 11.8% among those who are younger than 23 years old and only 26.6% among those who are older than 28 years. More than half (53.4%) of medalists achieved success being juniors, while for non-medalists this proportion is only 38.2%. The linear regression coefficient between the age and the weight of athletes is positive and is equal to 0.47 kg per year. The results obtained on the medalists show that the period for achieving the peak competitive performance is limited and quite a few athletes can succeed beyond a certain period of age.
Purpose: to substantiate the effectiveness of the use of Ukrainian outdoor games to increase the level of physical preparedness of 6-7 year old gymnasts. Material & Methods: the study involved 22 female athletes aged 6-7 years old involved in artistic gymnastics. The main and control groups included 11 female gymnasts each. Ukrainian outdoor games were included in the training process of the main group. Results: the results of the study indicate that the proposed methodology, by which female gymnasts of the main group (MG) trained, contributed to a more pronounced (p<0,05; p<0,01) increase in the level of physical fitness compared to the results of female athletes of the control group (CG) who trained according to the traditional program for the development of physical qualities, except for the development of flexibility, where there was a statistically unreliable difference between the performance of female gymnasts of the main and control groups (p>0,05). Conclusions: results of the implementation of the methodology for increasing the level of physical preparedness of female gymnasts aged 6-7 years using Ukrainian folk outdoor games testify to its effectiveness. The results obtained allow us to recommend the developed methodology for use in the training process of young female gymnasts at the stage of initial training.
Alfiya Deyneko & Inna Krasova. Improvement of special physical preparation of athletes 9-10 years old engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. Purpose: to substantiate the effectiveness of using the author's methodology for improving the special physical training of athletes 9-10 years old engaged in artistic gymnastics. Material & Methods: in the study, during the year, took part 16 athletes 9-10 years old, engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. To identify the effectiveness of the author's methodology, analysis and generalization of literary sources, pedagogical observation, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: based on the results of the experiment, the improvement of practically all the studied indicators was revealed, namely, the results of the implementation of equilibrium varieties (15-39%) and jumps (20-42%) were significantly improved. Conclusions: the obtained results showed the effectiveness of the developed author's methodology aimed at improving the special physical training of athletes during the preliminary basic training.
Background and Study Aim. The purpose of the work is a comparative analysis of morphological and functional indicators and characteristics of the somatotype of armwrestling athletes and street workout athletes. Material and Methods. The study involved Street Workout athletes (StW, n = 15, age - 14.87 ± 0.42 years, training experience - 1.48 ± 0.22 years) and armwrestling athletes (ArW, n = 11, age - 14.87 ± 0.42 years, training experience - 1.48 ± 0.22 years). The body length and body mass were determined. The level and harmony of physical development were assessed by the regression method. Handgrip was assessed in a static mode. The electronic handgrip dynamometer Camry EH101 (China) was used. The handgrip is determined by the maximum frequency of the grip in 10 s. The electronic device "Kepai" (China) was used to measure it. The content of muscle and adipose tissue, the level of visceral fat were determined. The body structure monitor OMRON BF-511 (Japan) was used. The handgrip index, hand impulse index, static and dynamic handgrip index were calculated. Differences were assessed using the Rosenbaum test (Q). Results. A high level of handgrip was determined for all athletes. The average value of the strength index was the StW group - more than 60% of body mass; the ArW group - more than 70% of body mass. The following indicators were observed in the ArW group: harmonious physical development had (27.27 ± 13.43)% of athletes; disharmony due to excess body mass had (45.45 ± 15.01)% of athletes; disharmony due to body mass deficit had (27.27 ± 13.43)% of athletes; normal fat content had (63.64 ± 14.50)% of athletes; low-fat content had (18.18 ± 11.63)% of athletes; high and high-fat content had (9.09 ± 8.67)% of athletes. The ArW group was characterized by high - (50.00 ± 15.81)%, high - (40.00 ± 15.49)%, and normal - (10.00 ± 9.49)%-the specific weight of muscle tissue. In the StW group, the following indicators were observed: harmonious physical development had (46.67 ± 12.88)% of athletes; disharmony due to excess body mass had (53.33 ± 12.88)% of athletes; normal fat content had (57.14 ± 13.23)% of athletes; low-fat content had (42.86 ± 13.23)% of athletes. All athletes in the StW group had a high proportion of muscle tissue. It was found that exercises with your body mass in a street workout decreased fat content compared to armwrestling. Conclusions. The results confirmed the specific effect of the sport on the body of athletes. Handgrip should be considered as a success predictor in these sports. The information content of the proposed handgrip indices for monitoring the functional state of athletes was confirmed.
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