A importância da previsão de carga a curto prazo tem crescido ultimamente. Com a desregulamentação do setor elétrico e a competição advinda desse processo, a previsão do preço de energia se transformou em uma atividade bastante atraente. A previsão das cargas das diversas barras é essencial para alimentar os métodos analíticos utilizados na determinação dos preços da energia. A variabilidade e a não estacionariedade das cargas estão ficando cada vez mais acentuadas devido à dinâmica das tarifas de energia. Além disso, o número de pontos de carga a serem previstos não permite intervenções freqüentes dos especialistas em previsão. Portanto, previsores de carga mais autônomos são necessários nesse novo cenário competitivo. Este artigo propõe uma nova técnica para a previsão de carga a curto prazo baseada na transformada wavelet discreta. O objetivo principal é desenvolver um previsor neural de carga mais robusto. Dois anos completos de dados de carga de uma concessionária de energia elétrica norte-americana foram utilizados para testar a metodologia proposta. The importance of short-term load forecasting has been increasing lately. With deregulation and competition, energy price forecasting has become a big business. Bus-load forecasting is essential to feed analytical methods utilized for determining energy prices. The variability and non-stationarity of loads are becoming worse due to the dynamics of energy prices. Besides, the number of nodal loads to be predicted does not allow frequent interventions from load forecasting experts. More autonomous load predictors are needed in the new competitive scenario. This paper proposes a novel wavelet transform-based technique for short-term load forecasting via neural networks. Its main goal is to develop more robust load forecasters. Two whole years of load data from a North-American electric utility has been used in order to test the proposed methodology
After 1991, the literature on load forecasting has been dominated by neural network based proposals. However, one major risk in using neural models is the possibility of excessive training, i.e., data overfitting. The extent of nonlinearity provided by neural network based load forecasters, which depends on the input space representation, has been adjusted using heuristic procedures. The empirical nature of these procedures makes their application cumbersome and time consuming. Autonomous modeling including automatic input selection and model complexity control has been proposed recently for short-term load forecasting. However, these techniques require the specification of an initial input set that will be processed by the model in order to select the most relevant variables. This paper explores chaos theory as a tool from non-linear time series analysis to automatic select the lags of the load series data that will be used by the neural models. In this paper, Bayesian inference applied to multi-layered perceptrons and relevance vector machines are used in the development of autonomous neural models.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.