Citrate reduced colloidal silver nanoparticles (c-AgNPs) as synthesized and modified with oligonucleotides (Oligo-AgNPs) are comparatively evaluated for their wound healing properties on animal models. The healing progress was monitored daily during nine days by measuring the wound diameter. The tissue samples from the healed regions were analyzed for epithelial damage, congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and new collagen synthesis. The c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs had statically significant impact on the healing process compared to control. The histological analysis revealed that the c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs improved the congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation and new collagen synthesis as compared to control. Although the fibroblast proliferation seems to be the same for both c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs, the collagen synthesis is markedly improved with the Oligo-AgNPs. The atomic spectroscopy analysis of the samples from different tissues showed that the AgNPs applied topically to the skin does not pass through the other organs. Our data suggest that topical application of OligosAgNPs improve wound healing by promoting increased collagen synthesis and tissue re-modeling without any side effects.
After a disruption of skin integrity, the body produces an immediate response followed by a functional and comparable regeneration period, referred to as wound healing. Although normal wounds do not need much attention during the healing period, chronic (non-healing) wounds are the major challenge of current dermatological applications. Therefore, developing new, safe, and effective wound healing drugs has always been an attractive area of international research. In the current study, sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (NaB), pluronics (Plu; F68 and F127), and their combinations were investigated for their wound healing activities, using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The results revealed that NaB significantly increased migration capacity and superoxide dismutase activity in primary human fibroblasts. Combinations of optimized concentrations for pluronic block co-polymers further increased cell migration, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of important growth factor and cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)). NaB containing hydrogel co-formulated with pluronics was also investigated for their wound healing activities using a full thickness wound model in rats. Macroscopic and histopathological analysis confirmed that wounds in combination gel-treated groups healed faster than those of control groups. NaB/Plu gel application was found to increase wound contraction and collagen deposition in the wound area. Therefore, our results suggest that NaB, and its pluronics combination, could be used in dermatological clinics and be a future solution for chronic wounds. However, further studies should be conducted to explore its exact action of mechanism and effects of this formulation on chronic wounds.
Objective:The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibition, alone and with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, on inflammatory parameters and apoptosis in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial damage in rats. For this purpose, zileuton, a selective and potent inhibitor of 5-LOX, resulting in suppression leukotriene production, was used.Methods:Male Wistar rats (200-250 g; n=12 per group) were used in the study. I/R was performed by occluding the left coronary artery for 30 minutes and 2 hours of reperfusion of the heart. Experimental groups were I/R group, sham I/R group, zileuton (5 mg/kg orally, twice daily)+I/R group, zileuton+indomethacin (5 mg/kg intraperitoneally)+I/R group, zileuton+ketorolac (10 mg/kg subcutaneously)+I/R group, and zileuton+nimesulide (5 mg/kg subcutaneously)+I/R group. Following I/R, blood samples were collected to measure tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and left ventricles were excised for evaluation of microscopic damage; malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, nuclear factor (NF)-κB assays; and evaluation of apoptosis.Results:Left ventricle MDA in I/R group was higher compared to sham group; however, it did not show significant change with zileuton. Although tissue injury in I/R group was less severe in all treatment groups, it was not statistically significant. NF-κB H-score and apoptotic index, which were higher in I/R group compared to sham I/R, were decreased with application of zileuton (H-score: p<0.01; apoptotic index: p<0.001). Zileuton had no significant effect on increased serum TNF-α levels in I/R group.Conclusion:5-LOX inhibition in rat myocardial infarction model attenuated increased left ventricle NF-κB expression and apoptosis and these actions were not modulated by COX inhibitors. (Anatol J Cardiol 2017; 17: 269-75)
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