Доказана неизменность классических динамических законов для микрообъекта в пространстве, координатными осями которого являются матричные элементы перехода соответствующих координат. Установлено, что измерение представляет собой процесс локализации микрообъекта в классическом пространстве при его взаимодействии с прибором. С использованием интегралов по траекториям описана редукция волновой функции. Предложен механизм возникновения вероятности при измерении, в котором скрытый параметр , являющийся причиной возникновения случайности при проявлении характеристик микрообъекта, относится к процессу взаимодействия классического прибора с микрообъектом. Оба вида квантово-механических процессов эволюция и редукция волновой функции описаны в рамках единого подхода. Ключевые слова: матричные элементы перехода, континуальный интеграл, собственное пространство микрообъекта, принцип наименьшего действия, редукция волновой функции, скрытый параметр.
The image of Russian science will change with the adoption of the new state program: Scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. This paper discusses the reasons for such a significant transformation of science, and defines the tasks of federal research centers in the new system. Three federal centers of the European North of Russia were chosen as the objects of the study including Karelian, Kola and Komi Federal Research Centers. The paper briefly describes the history of the creation of a regional network of scientific organizations and their tasks. It also gives some examples of successful complex interdisciplinary cooperation between these three scientific organizations during the Soviet period. The attention is focused on the challenges facing the scientific organizations at present and the tools proposed for solving these. The tools primarily include a project approach and mechanisms for organizing complex interdisciplinary research, such as federal scientific and technical programs, integrated research programs, scientific educational centers at the international level, and the strategic academic leadership program Priority-2030. These aim to concentrate the efforts of researchers on the priority tasks of developing science and the most important sectors of the country’s economy. Federal research centers have a number of advantages over ordinary scientific organizations when science begins to concentrate in large ‘regions of knowledge’. Due to redistribution of internal reserves, they can initiate new research trends, points of growth, and joint research within the framework of integration projects. Keywords: federal research centers, project management, grand challenges, networking tools
Sanctus Amor is the only intravital storybook by Nina Petrovskaya, dedicated to Sergey Auslender. The title of the book, borrowed from the poem by Andrey Bely, initiates a literary polylogue addressed to several lovers of Petrovskaya: to Bely, as he once was her teacher of heavenly love; to Valery Bryusov, as he was Petrovskaya’s beloved one at the time of publication; to Auslender as the addressee of dedication and a new contender for being Petrovskaya’s favorite. Sanctus Amor represents the ideal of the Saintly Love, the manifesto which Petrovskaya followed rigorously in real life. Her letters to Bryusov and Vladislav Khodasevich reveal multiple congruences with the novels of Sanctus Amor, which demonstrate the inextricable character of life and literature in Petrovskaya’s worldview. The paper is devoted to the analysis of Sanctus Amor in the aspect of life-creating practices and its meaning in the literary dialogue with Auslender. Sanctus Amor is a complicated prescriptive symbolic message designed to proclaim its own, and to program another’s, concept of love.
In the first quarter of the 20th century no common scientific policy existed neither in the Russian Empire nor in the Soviet Union although there was a need for such a policy in view of the want of addressing the tasks of industrialization and overcoming the country’s technology gap. The article shows how the young Soviet state formulated its science and technology policy priorities and how it succeeded in creating one the most effective science organization systems in the world. We analyze the measures aimed at introducing planned scientific research, creating scientific institutes, establishing a network of scientific centers in the country’s remote regions, and organizing postgraduate education to train the cadre of scientists. Taken together, these measures resulted in the emergence of a unique scientific complex whose formation proceeded differently than that in the advanced countries of the West. The intensified development of Soviet science occurred at the same time as global changes in the role of fundamental science in the progression of modern civilization. By the late 1940s, global science became a driver in the development of modern society and Soviet science in many aspects found itself at the forefront of this process.
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